<?xml version="1.0"?>
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	<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Roxanne</id>
	<title>Ryukyusphere - User contributions [en]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Roxanne"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/w/Special:Contributions/Roxanne"/>
	<updated>2026-06-30T22:03:57Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.41.1</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Myenin&amp;diff=1419</id>
		<title>Myenin</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Myenin&amp;diff=1419"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:51:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Myenin&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[Omemi language|Omemi]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 明仁 &#039;&#039;Myēnin&#039;&#039; [mjeːniŋ]), born &#039;&#039;&#039;Shime Ga&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[Omemi language|Omemi]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 司馬賀 &#039;&#039;Shime Ga&#039;&#039; [ɕime ɡa]), is the [[afakobe]] of [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]][[Category:People]][[Category:Monarchs]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Tonesshama&amp;diff=1418</id>
		<title>Tonesshama</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Tonesshama&amp;diff=1418"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:50:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Tonesshama&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[Omemi language|Omemi]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 種子島; とねっしゃま [toneɕɕama]; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[wikipedia:Japanese language|Japanese]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; たねがしま&#039;&#039;Tanegashima&#039;&#039; [ta̠ne̞ɡa̠ɕima̠]) is the largest island in the [[Omemi]] sub-archipelago.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Mesu&amp;diff=1417</id>
		<title>Mesu</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Mesu&amp;diff=1417"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:50:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Mesu&#039;&#039;&#039; ([[Omemi language|Omemi]]: 媽祖 &#039;&#039;Mesu&#039;&#039; [mesu]) is a tutelary sea goddess worshipped in [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kwokutai&amp;diff=1416</id>
		<title>Kwokutai</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kwokutai&amp;diff=1416"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:50:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;Kwokutai&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[Omemi language|Omemi]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 國大 [kʷokutai]), officially the &#039;&#039;&#039;Kwokke Taigwai&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Omemi:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 國家大會 [kʷokke taiɡʷai]; lit. &#039;National Assembly&#039;) is the unicameral legislative body of [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kozameto&amp;diff=1415</id>
		<title>Kozameto</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kozameto&amp;diff=1415"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:50:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox settlement&lt;br /&gt;
| name = Kozameto&lt;br /&gt;
| official_name = Kozameto Special Municipality&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name = 芳港特別市&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Kozameto&#039;&#039;&#039; ([[Omemi language|Omemi]]: 芳港 &#039;&#039;Kozamēto&#039;&#039; [kozameːto]), historically known as &#039;&#039;&#039;Cosamêto&#039;&#039;&#039; in Portuguese sources, is a city in [[Omemi]], on the island of [[Tonesshama]]. Initially a [[fortress-port]] leased to the Portuguese as a trading hub in 1577, it was eventually fully-administered by the Portuguese with the establishment of the Cidade de Cosamêto in 1633, while nominally under the control of the Omemi government. In 1866, the Omemi government ceded sovereignty of the port over to Portugal in a bid to secure international allies against the enroaching Japanese Empire, but this was not successful, as the rest of Omemi fell under the control of the Japanese Empire in 1872, leaving Cosamêto surrounded.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In World War 2, Cosamêto became neutral territory for people fleeing persecution from the Japanese Empire, boosting the cities population from 120,000 to 730,000 by the spring of 1941. The city thus suffered from extreme shortages, relying on smuggling and black market trade with mainland Japanese &#039;&#039;yakuza&#039;&#039; to feed the population.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kozameto&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1682, Pope Innocent XI created the [[Diocese of Cosamêto]], which emcompassed the entirety of the Ryukyus.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]][[Category:Cities]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi_language&amp;diff=1414</id>
		<title>Omemi language</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi_language&amp;diff=1414"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:49:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;Omemi language&#039;&#039;&#039; is a Japonic language spoken in the [[Omemi]] sub-archipelago of the Ryukyu archipelago.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]][[Category:Languages]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Mesu&amp;diff=1413</id>
		<title>Mesu</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Mesu&amp;diff=1413"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:49:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Mesu&#039;&#039;&#039; (Omemi: 媽祖 &#039;&#039;Mesu&#039;&#039; [mesu]) is a tutelary sea goddess worshipped in [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kwokutai&amp;diff=1412</id>
		<title>Kwokutai</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kwokutai&amp;diff=1412"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:49:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;Kwokutai&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Omemi:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 國大 [kʷokutai]), officially the &#039;&#039;&#039;Kwokke Taigwai&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Omemi:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 國家大會 [kʷokke taiɡʷai]; lit. &#039;National Assembly&#039;) is the unicameral legislative body of [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kozameto&amp;diff=1411</id>
		<title>Kozameto</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Kozameto&amp;diff=1411"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:48:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox settlement&lt;br /&gt;
| name = Kozameto&lt;br /&gt;
| official_name = Kozameto Special Municipality&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name = 芳港特別市&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Kozameto&#039;&#039;&#039; (Omemi: 芳港 &#039;&#039;Kozamēto&#039;&#039; [kozameːto]), historically known as &#039;&#039;&#039;Cosamêto&#039;&#039;&#039; in Portuguese sources, is a city in [[Omemi]], on the island of [[Tonesshama]]. Initially a [[fortress-port]] leased to the Portuguese as a trading hub in 1577, it was eventually fully-administered by the Portuguese with the establishment of the Cidade de Cosamêto in 1633, while nominally under the control of the Omemi government. In 1866, the Omemi government ceded sovereignty of the port over to Portugal in a bid to secure international allies against the enroaching Japanese Empire, but this was not successful, as the rest of Omemi fell under the control of the Japanese Empire in 1872, leaving Cosamêto surrounded.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In World War 2, Cosamêto became neutral territory for people fleeing persecution from the Japanese Empire, boosting the cities population from 120,000 to 730,000 by the spring of 1941. The city thus suffered from extreme shortages, relying on smuggling and black market trade with mainland Japanese &#039;&#039;yakuza&#039;&#039; to feed the population.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kozameto&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1682, Pope Innocent XI created the [[Diocese of Cosamêto]], which emcompassed the entirety of the Ryukyus.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]][[Category:Cities]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ihe,_%C5%8Cm%C4%93mi-%C4%AB&amp;diff=1410</id>
		<title>Ihe, Ōmēmi-ī</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ihe,_%C5%8Cm%C4%93mi-%C4%AB&amp;diff=1410"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:48:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Ihe, Ōmēmi-ī&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; is the national anthem of [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&#039;&#039;&#039;Omemi lyrics&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
!Romaji&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Translation&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|山河社稷&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
蒼天昌はり&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
沃々大地&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
民心興がり&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;Shengajeshiku&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Sōten sahari&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Oku-oku taichi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Minshimu ogari&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|/ɕẽ̞ŋɡad͡ʑe̞ɕʲikʉ&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
so̞ːtẽ̞ŋ sahaɾʲi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
o̞kʉo̞kʉ tait͡ɕi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mʲinɕʲimʉ o̞ɡaɾʲi/&lt;br /&gt;
|The lands and the nation—&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Heaven flourish them;&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fertile expanses—&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The people&#039;s hearts make prosperous&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|榮へ、青南いー&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
海に玄光&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
華へ、青南いー&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
旦復旦よ&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;Ihe, Ōmēmi ī&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Umi ni gwenkwō&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Sahe, Ōmēmi ī&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Tanfukutan yo&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|ihe̞ o̞ːme̞ːmʲi iː&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ʉmʲi nʲi ɡʷẽ̞ŋkʷo̞ː&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
sahe̞ o̞ːme̞ːmʲi iː&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
tãɱfʉkʉtaŋ jo̞&lt;br /&gt;
|Prosper, O Omemi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ye mystic light upon the sea;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Blossom, O Omemi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dawn after dawn&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|天下な神祇&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
降福や無疆&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
殿下な命&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
萬歲や無盡&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;Tenke na shingi&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Kōfuku ya mukyō&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Denke na yanachi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Monswi ya muzhin&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|tẽ̞ŋke̞ na ɕʲiŋɡʲi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
koːfʉkʉ ja mʉkʲoː&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
dẽ̞ŋke̞ na janat͡ɕʲi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mõnswi ja mʉʑiŋ&lt;br /&gt;
|O ye spirits under heaven&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bring down fortune unbounded;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And for His Majesty&#039;s life&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let it endure ten thousand years&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|榮へ、青南いー&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
海に玄光&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
華へ、青南いー&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
旦復旦よ&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;Ihe, Ōmēmi ī&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Umi ni gwenkwō&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Sahe, Ōmēmi ī&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Tanfukutan yo&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Prosper, O Omemi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ye mystic light upon the sea;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Blossom, O Omemi&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dawn after dawn&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]][[Category:National anthems]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=House_of_Shime&amp;diff=1409</id>
		<title>House of Shime</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=House_of_Shime&amp;diff=1409"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:47:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;House of Shime&#039;&#039;&#039; (Omemi: 司馬室 &#039;&#039;Shime-shitu&#039;&#039;) is the current ruling house of [[Omemi]]. The house was founded in 1446 by decree of [[wikipedia:Emperor_Yingzong_of_Ming|Emepror Yingzong of Ming]], granting the main lineage the name 司馬&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]][[Category:Royal houses]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Countries&amp;diff=1408</id>
		<title>Category:Countries</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Countries&amp;diff=1408"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:47:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: Created blank page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Higashika&amp;diff=1407</id>
		<title>Category:Higashika</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Higashika&amp;diff=1407"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:46:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: Created page with &amp;quot;Category:Countries&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Countries]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Mikyo&amp;diff=1406</id>
		<title>Category:Mikyo</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Mikyo&amp;diff=1406"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:46:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: Created page with &amp;quot;Category:Countries&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Countries]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Omemi&amp;diff=1405</id>
		<title>Category:Omemi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Omemi&amp;diff=1405"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:46:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Countries]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi&amp;diff=1404</id>
		<title>Omemi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi&amp;diff=1404"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:45:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox country&lt;br /&gt;
| conventional_long_name = Omemi&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name            = 青南國&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Ōmēmi-kwani&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| image_flag             = Omemiflag.png&lt;br /&gt;
| other_symbol           = [[File:Sealomemi.png|85px]]&lt;br /&gt;
| other_symbol_type      = [[Seal]]&lt;br /&gt;
| national_anthem        = 榮へ、青南いー&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;[[Ihe, Ōmēmi-ī]]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;Prosper, Omemi&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| capital                = [[Antu]]&lt;br /&gt;
| official_languages     = [[Omemi language]]&lt;br /&gt;
| demonym                = Omemi&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title1          = [[Afakobe]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name1           = [[Myenin]]&lt;br /&gt;
| legislature            = [[Kwokutai]]&lt;br /&gt;
| currency               = [[Omemi gwen]]&lt;br /&gt;
| currency_code          = GWN&lt;br /&gt;
| official_website       = [[www.omemi.gov.om]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Omemi&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[Omemi language|Omemi]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 青南國; &#039;&#039;Ōmēmi-kwani&#039;&#039;; [oːmeːmikʷani]), known as &#039;&#039;&#039;Aominami&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[wikipedia:Japanese language|Japanese]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; [a̠o̞mʲina̠mʲi]) in older English sources, is an [[wikipedia:Island_country|island nation]] in East Asia. It is located south of Kyushu, being the northernmost sub-archipelagos of the [[wikipedia:Ryukyu_Islands|Ryukyu islands]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi’s strategic position made it a major nexus of maritime trade. Merchants from Kyushu, the Ryukyus, Korea, and the Chinese coast frequented its harbors, exchanging ceramics, sulfur, timber, marine products, metals, textiles, weapons, and luxury goods. Its wealth, however, also made it vulnerable. Piracy shaped Omemi’s political culture and landscape: many coastal towns were heavily fortified, with stone sea walls, watchtowers, beacon systems, harbor chains, and cliffside refuges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1872, the [[wikipedia:Empire_of_Japan|Japanese Empire]] forced the island back under its administration as Aominami Prefecture.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi gained independence from [[wikipedia:Japan|Japan]] in the [[wikipedia:Treaty_of_San_Francisco|Treaty of San Francisco]] in 1952, much to the chagrin of the fledgling Japanese government. Under this arrangement, the [[wikipedia:United_States_Armed_Forces|U.S. military]] was granted long-term basing and transit rights on Omemi, including naval anchorage, airfield access, communications stations, and the authority to maintain forces for the defense of the island and the wider western Pacific. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Names and etymology ==&lt;br /&gt;
Chinese scribes originally rendered the island’s name phonetically as &#039;&#039;&#039;安保三南彌&#039;&#039;&#039;. The shorter poetic &#039;&#039;&#039;青南&#039;&#039;&#039; became common among Omemi’s literate classes because it was elegant, concise, and symbolically useful. 青 evoked the sea, youth, vitality, and the blue-green color of coastal waters, while 南 marked Omemi as a southern realm from the perspective of Korea and Japan, and as a southeastern maritime country from the perspective of China. In Japanese imperial usage after the nineteenth century, the name was commonly read as &#039;&#039;&#039;Aominami&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The expected, but incorrect, native reading of 青南 is *&#039;&#039;Abomyanomi&#039;&#039;, instead of &#039;&#039;Ōmēmi&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi first sent tributary missions to [[wikipedia:Ming_dynasty|Ming China]] in 1446, its enthusiastic participating in the system gaining it imperial favour from Ming emperors. During this time, [[wikipedia:Emperor_Yingzong_of_Ming|Emperor Yingzong]] bestowed the surname &#039;&#039;Shime&#039;&#039; to the ruling [[House of Shime|House of Tatasa]]. In this way, Omemi secured recognition of its soveriegnty as long as trade with China continues without interruption.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Portuguese trade ===&lt;br /&gt;
Portuguese ships first visited Omemi in 1551, landing on the island of [[Tonesshama]]. In 1577, the Portuguese was allowed to settle in the small fortress-port  [[Kozameto]], where Jesuits administered the city as a regional trading hub that served to link [[wikipedia:Portuguese_Macau|Portuguese Macau]] with [[wikipedia:Ecclesiastical_Nagasaki|Nagasaki]]. During this period, the Jesuits converted a significant amount of the inhabitants of Kozameto to Catholicism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Japanese occupation ===&lt;br /&gt;
In the 19th century, the weakening of [[wikipedia:Qing_dynasty|Qing China]] allowed the  Satsuma Domain to miilitarily pressure Omemi into signing unfavourable trade deals. The Omemi government petitioned the Qing to intervene numerous times from 1843 to 1848. However, they received no assistance other than nominal recognition of Omemi sovereignty and condemnation of the [[wikipedia:Tokugawa_shogunate|Tokugawa shogunate]] and the [[wikipedia:Satsuma_Domain|Satsuma Domain]], as the Qing was engaged in the [[wikipedia:First_Opium_War|First Opium War]] during that time. By 1852, all decisions made by the Omemi government required approval from [[wikipedia:Shimazu_Nariakira|Shimazu Nariakira]], &#039;&#039;daimyo&#039;&#039; of the Shimazu clan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1872, the Japanese Empire officially absorbed Omemi&#039;s territory as the [[Aominami Prefecture]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Japanese government attempted measures to persuade Omemi individuals to parparticipate in Japanese civic life.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Geography ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Main|Administrative divisions of Omemi}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Administrative divisions ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Economy ==&lt;br /&gt;
Despite its small economy, Omemi has a robust telecommunications infrastructure, which its bureaucracy and citizens depend on on a daily basis. Online payment platforms such as [[wikipedia:Alipay|Alipay]] or [[wikipedia:Apple_Pay|Apple Pay]] are frequently used for transactions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Religion ==&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi religious practices, like those in mainland Japan and the rest of the Ryukyu islands, is syncretic in nature. Its indigenous practices often blend together with practices of Shintoism, Mahayana Buddhism, Taoism, and more recently, Catholicism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the 16th century, Chinese merchants brought the worship of [[wikipedia:Mazu|Mazu]] to the islands as the goddess [[Mesu]]. The goddess became widely worshipped, as her status as a tutelary sea goddess made her highly popular among the seafaring Ryukyuans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Culturally, Omemi indigenous beliefs hold women to be more spiritually clean. This has resulted in the creation of a distinct class of women known as &#039;&#039;[[ofyame]]&#039;&#039;, who are given unique spiritual leadership roles, such as temple stewards, advisors, and officiants for civic ceremonies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Countries]][[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Omemi&amp;diff=1403</id>
		<title>Category:Omemi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Omemi&amp;diff=1403"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:44:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: Created blank page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Antu&amp;diff=1402</id>
		<title>Antu</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Antu&amp;diff=1402"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:44:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Antu&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[Omemi language|Omemi]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 安都 [antu]) is the largest settlement and capital city of [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Cities]][[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Antu&amp;diff=1401</id>
		<title>Antu</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Antu&amp;diff=1401"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:44:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Antu&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Omemi:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 安都 [antu]) is the largest settlement and capital city of [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Cities]][[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Afakobe&amp;diff=1400</id>
		<title>Afakobe</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Afakobe&amp;diff=1400"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:43:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;afakobe&#039;&#039;&#039; is the traditional title of an [[Omemi]] monarch. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
XX&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Under the Empire of Japan ===&lt;br /&gt;
The afakobe was granted the title of &#039;&#039;kōshaku&#039;&#039; (公爵) within the [[wikipedia:Kazoku|Japanese peerage system]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Restoration of the monarchy ===&lt;br /&gt;
During the peace settlements after World War II, the [[Provisional Government of Aominami]] immediately revived the title of afakobe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Administrative_divisions_of_Omemi&amp;diff=1399</id>
		<title>Administrative divisions of Omemi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Administrative_divisions_of_Omemi&amp;diff=1399"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:43:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Regions (地區 &#039;&#039;chikyu&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
!Prefecture (縣 &#039;&#039;gwen&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
!Circuits (巡 &#039;&#039;zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;16&amp;quot; |Afaswami Region (大隅地區 &#039;&#039;Afaswami Chikyu&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; |Tonesshama Prefecture (種子島縣 &#039;&#039;Tonesshama-gwen&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|Kitane Cuircut (北根巡 &#039;&#039;Kitane-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kozameto Special Cuircut (芳港特別巡 &#039;&#039;Kozamēto Dokubyetu-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Minazwa Circuit (三之座巡 &#039;&#039;Minazwa-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kanomi Circuit (是波巡 &#039;&#039;Kanomi-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Antu Metropolitan Circuit (安都府 &#039;&#039;Antu-fyu&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kusorino Circuit (藥野巡 &#039;&#039;Kusorino-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Firashamo Circuit (平下巡 &#039;&#039;Firashamo-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Wadurakwabi Circuit (雞頸巡 &#039;&#039;Wadurakwabi-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Yakyushama Prefecture (屋久島縣 &#039;&#039;Yakyushama-gwen&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|Kooshi Circuit (小牛巡 &#039;&#039;Kooshi-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nifikafa Circuit (新川巡 &#039;&#039;Nifikafa-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Yanoga Circuit (八長巡 &#039;&#039;Yanoga-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nogayanachi Circuit (長命巡 &#039;&#039;Nogayanachi-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Gyuse Prefecture (隅西縣 &#039;&#039;Gyusē-gwen&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|Afishama Circuit (合島巡 &#039;&#039;Afishama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Taeshama Circuit (竹島巡 &#039;&#039;Taeshama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ryukwoshama Circuit (硫磺島巡 &#039;&#039;Ryukwōshama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kuroshama Circuit (黑島巡 &#039;&#039;Kuroshama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; |Tokara Region (門空地區 &#039;&#039;Tokara Chikyu&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Monpoku Prefecture (門北縣 &#039;&#039;Monpoku-gwen&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|Kuchinashama Circuit (口之島巡 &#039;&#039;Kuchinashama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nanashama Circuit (中之島巡 &#039;&#039;Nānashama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Meminashama Circuit (南之島巡 &#039;&#039;Mēminashama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Akuiseshama Circuit (惡石島巡 &#039;&#039;Akuiseshama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Monnomu Prefecture (門南縣 &#039;&#039;Monnomu-gwen&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|Tarashama Circuit (寶島巡 &#039;&#039;Tārashama-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Yakayata Circuit (橫琴巡 &#039;&#039;Yākayata-zwin&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Mikyo&amp;diff=1398</id>
		<title>Demographics of Mikyo</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Mikyo&amp;diff=1398"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:43:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox country demographics|place=Mikyo|official=[[Mikyoan language|Mikyoan]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
English|spoken=Chinese&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Japanese&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Korean&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Kampanamgapay&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Malay|size_of_population=4,882,611 (January 2025)|population_estimate_year=|birth=|nation=Mikyoan|minor_ethnic=Mixed (15.2%)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Malay (4.6%)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Korean (4.2%)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Japanese (1.5%)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
European (1.1%)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Indigenous Yaeyama (1.0%)|major_ethnic=Mikyoan (46.8%)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Chinese (20.4%)}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The demographics of Mikyo are monitored by the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research (NIPSS) and the Mikyoan Statistic Bureau (MSB). As of January 2025, Mikyo had a population of 4,882,611. It is the [[wikipedia:List_of_Asian_countries_by_population|39th most populous country in Asia]] and the [[wikipedia:List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_(United_Nations)|74th most populous country in the world]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Mikyo]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Religion_in_Mikyo&amp;diff=1397</id>
		<title>Religion in Mikyo</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Religion_in_Mikyo&amp;diff=1397"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:43:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Religion in [[Mikyo]] is manifested primarily by [[local Yaeyama religion]] and [[wikipedia:Buddhism|Buddhism]], the two largest faiths which most [[Ethnic Mikyoans]] practice simultaneously and syncretize.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Mikyo]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ishigagi_City&amp;diff=1396</id>
		<title>Ishigagi City</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ishigagi_City&amp;diff=1396"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:42:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox settlement&lt;br /&gt;
| official_name = City and County of Ishigagi&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name = {{ruby|石垣|이시가기}}{{ruby|市郡|시귱}}&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name_lang = &lt;br /&gt;
| settlement_type = City and County&lt;br /&gt;
| subdivision_type = Country&lt;br /&gt;
| subdivision_name = Mikyo&lt;br /&gt;
| seat_type = Mayor-Council&lt;br /&gt;
| parts_type = Wards&lt;br /&gt;
| parts = 15&lt;br /&gt;
| government_type = Mayor-council&lt;br /&gt;
| governing_body = Legislative Council of Ishigagi&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_party = Progressive Party&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title = Mayor&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name = Eric Tsai&lt;br /&gt;
| area_total_km2 = 229.00&lt;br /&gt;
| area_total_sq_mi = 88.42&lt;br /&gt;
| elevation_max_m = 525.5&lt;br /&gt;
| elevation_max_ft = 1724.1&lt;br /&gt;
| population_total = 2634462&lt;br /&gt;
| population_as_of = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_km2 = 11854.13&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 29794.8654&lt;br /&gt;
| population_rank = 1st in Mikyo&lt;br /&gt;
| population_demonym = Ishigagi-ying, Ishigagi, Ishigagian&lt;br /&gt;
| demographics_type1 = &lt;br /&gt;
| demographics1_title1 = &lt;br /&gt;
| utc_offset = +9&lt;br /&gt;
| elevation_point = &lt;br /&gt;
}}&#039;&#039;&#039;The City and County of Ishigagi&#039;&#039;&#039;, commonly referred to as &#039;&#039;&#039;Ishigagi City&#039;&#039;&#039; or just &#039;&#039;&#039;Ishigagi&#039;&#039;&#039;, is the capital of and largest city in Mikyo. With a population of 2.6 million, Ishigagi is both the largest city in Mikyo and in the larger Ryukyuan area, forming an economic and cultural center for the island chain. Within Mikyo, the city is also a local center for arts, fashion, media, entertainment, technology, academics, and scientific output.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The city expands across 222.24 square kilometers and has a population density of 11,854/km&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;, making it the most densely populated city within Mikyo. The city has historically and contemporarily served as the primary gateway for migration into Mikyo, and today is the most ethnically and linguistically diverse county within the country. {{Infobox Chinese&lt;br /&gt;
| title             = 石垣市郡&lt;br /&gt;
| collapse          = &amp;lt;!-- yes|no  --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| pic               = &amp;lt;!-- image --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| piccap            = &amp;lt;!-- image caption --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| picsize           = &amp;lt;!-- 200px            (Default is 260px) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| picupright        = &amp;lt;!-- see [[MOS:UPRIGHT]] --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| pictooltip        = &amp;lt;!-- image tooltip  (use for [[WP:ALT|alt text]]) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| pic2              = &amp;lt;!-- additional image --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| piccap2           = &amp;lt;!-- additional image caption --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| picsize2          = &amp;lt;!-- 200px            (Default is 260px) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| pic2tooltip       = &amp;lt;!-- additional image tooltip --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| headercolor       = &amp;lt;!-- header color     (Default is #b0c4de) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lang1     = Mikyoan&lt;br /&gt;
| lang1_content = {{ruby|石垣|이시가기}}{{ruby|市郡|시귱}}&lt;br /&gt;
| lang2 = Hangeul&lt;br /&gt;
| lang2_content = &amp;lt;!-- Contents of lang2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- (you can go in order until lang11) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lang3 = IPA&lt;br /&gt;
| lang3_content = [iɕigägi ɕigjɯ̽ŋ]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Chinese name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| name1             = &amp;lt;!-- First name (used when embedding this infobox, see optional flags) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| t                 = &amp;lt;!-- Traditional (use for topics related to places where traditional Chinese is used) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| s                 = &amp;lt;!-- Simplified (use for topics related to places where simplified Chinese is used) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| c                 = 石垣市郡&lt;br /&gt;
| l                 = &amp;lt;!-- Literal Meaning --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tp                = &amp;lt;!-- Tongyong pinyin --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| p                 = shí yuán shì jùn&lt;br /&gt;
| w                 = &amp;lt;!-- Wade Giles --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mi                = [ʂʐ̩̌ ɥɛ̌n ʂʐ̩̂ t͡ɕŷn]&lt;br /&gt;
| psp               = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese Postal Map Romanisation spelling --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| myr               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Yale Romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gr                = &amp;lt;!-- Gwoyeu Romatzyh --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| bpmf              = &amp;lt;!-- Bopomofo --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mps               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Phonetic Symbols --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| xej               = &amp;lt;!-- Xiao&#039;erjing --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| zh-dungan         = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Cyrillic --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sic               = &amp;lt;!-- Sichuanese Mandarin --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lj                = &amp;lt;!-- Nanjing Mandarin --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| y                 = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Yale --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| j                 = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Jyutping --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sl                = &amp;lt;!-- Sidney Lau Cantonese Romanisation --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gd                = &amp;lt;!-- Guangdong / Canton Romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hk                = &amp;lt;!-- Hong Kong Government Cantonese Romanisation --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mo                = &amp;lt;!-- Macau Government Romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ci                = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese IPA --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| toi               = &amp;lt;!-- Taishanese --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gan               = &amp;lt;!-- Gan romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| wuu               = &amp;lt;!-- Wu romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hsn               = &amp;lt;!-- Xiang romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| h                 = &amp;lt;!-- Hakka --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| phfs              = &amp;lt;!-- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| poj               = &amp;lt;!-- Taiwanese POJ --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tl                = &amp;lt;!-- Tâi-Lô --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| bp                = &amp;lt;!-- Bbanlam Pingyim --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| buc               = &amp;lt;!-- Eastern Min BUC --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hhbuc             = &amp;lt;!-- Pu-Xian Min BUC --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mblmc             = &amp;lt;!-- Jian&#039;ou Romanized of Northern Min --&amp;gt;    &lt;br /&gt;
| wgn               = &amp;lt;!-- Wu Wugniu romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ouji              = &amp;lt;!-- Wenzhounese romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| suz               = &amp;lt;!-- Suzhounese romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| teo               = &amp;lt;!-- Teochew --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hain              = &amp;lt;!-- Hainanese / Qiongwen Min --&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
| lizu              = &amp;lt;!-- Leizhou Min --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mc                = &amp;lt;!-- Middle Chinese (reconstruction) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| emc               = &amp;lt;!-- Early Middle Chinese (reconstruction) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lmc               = &amp;lt;!-- Late Middle Chinese (reconstruction) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-b92            = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Baxter [1992] reconstruction) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-bs             = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Baxter-Sagart reconstruction) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-zz             = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Zhengzhang Shangfang reconstruction) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- First alternative name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| altname           = &amp;lt;!-- First alternative name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| c2                = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| t2                = &amp;lt;!-- Traditional2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| s2                = &amp;lt;!-- Simplified2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| l2                = &amp;lt;!-- Literal Meaning2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tp2               = &amp;lt;!-- Tongyong pinyin2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| p2                = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| w2                = &amp;lt;!-- Wade Giles2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mi2               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin IPA2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| psp2              = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese Postal Map Romanisation spelling2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| my2               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Yale2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gr2               = &amp;lt;!-- Gwoyeu Romatzyh2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mps2              = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Phonetic Symbols 2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| bpmf2             = &amp;lt;!-- Bopomofo2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| xej2              = &amp;lt;!-- Xiao&#039;erjing2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| zh-dungan2        = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Cyrillic2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sic2              = &amp;lt;!-- Sichuanese Mandarin2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| y2                = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Yale2--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| j2                = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Jyutping 2--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sl2               = &amp;lt;!-- Sidney Lau Cantonese Romanisation 2--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gd2               = &amp;lt;!-- Guangdong / Canton Romanization 2--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ci2               = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese IPA2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| toi2              = &amp;lt;!-- Taishanese2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gan2              = &amp;lt;!-- Gan romanization2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| wuu2              = &amp;lt;!-- Wu romanization2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hsn2              = &amp;lt;!-- Xiang romanization2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| h2                = &amp;lt;!-- Hakka2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| phfs2             = &amp;lt;!-- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| poj2              = &amp;lt;!-- Taiwanese POJ2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| buc2              = &amp;lt;!-- Eastern Min BUC2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hhbuc2            = &amp;lt;!-- Pu-Xian Min BUC2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mblmc2            = &amp;lt;!-- Jian&#039;ou Romanized of Northern Min2 --&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
| wgn2              = &amp;lt;!-- Wu Wugniu romanization2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ouji2             = &amp;lt;!-- Wenzhounese romanization2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| suz2              = &amp;lt;!-- Suzhounese romanization2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| teo2              = &amp;lt;!-- Teochew2 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-bs2            = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Baxter-Sagart reconstruction2) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-zz2            = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Zhengzhang Shangfang reconstruction2) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Second alternative name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| altname3          = &amp;lt;!-- Second alternative name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| c3                = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| t3                = &amp;lt;!-- Traditional3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| s3                = &amp;lt;!-- Simplified3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| l3                = &amp;lt;!-- Literal Meaning3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tp3               = &amp;lt;!-- Tongyong pinyin3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| p3                = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| w3                = &amp;lt;!-- Wade Giles3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mi3               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin IPA3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| psp3              = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese Postal Map Romanisation spelling3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| my3               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Yale3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gr3               = &amp;lt;!-- Gwoyeu Romatzyh3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mps3              = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Phonetic Symbols3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| bpmf3             = &amp;lt;!-- Bopomofo3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| xej3              = &amp;lt;!-- Xiao&#039;erjing3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| zh-dungan3        = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Cyrillic3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sic3              = &amp;lt;!-- Sichuanese Mandarin3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| y3                = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Yale3--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| j3                = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Jyutping3--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sl3               = &amp;lt;!-- Sidney Lau Cantonese Romanisation3--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gd3               = &amp;lt;!-- Guangdong / Canton Romanization3--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ci3               = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese IPA3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| toi3              = &amp;lt;!-- Taishanese3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gan3              = &amp;lt;!-- Gan romanization3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| wuu3              = &amp;lt;!-- Wu romanization3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hsn3              = &amp;lt;!-- Xiang romanization3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| h3                = &amp;lt;!-- Hakka3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| phfs3             = &amp;lt;!-- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| poj3              = &amp;lt;!-- Taiwanese POJ3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| buc3              = &amp;lt;!-- Eastern Min BUC3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hhbuc3            = &amp;lt;!-- Pu-Xian Min3 BUC --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mblmc3            = &amp;lt;!-- Jian&#039;ou Romanized of Northern Min3 --&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
| wng3              = &amp;lt;!-- Wu Wugniu romanization3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ouji3             = &amp;lt;!-- Wenzhounese romanization3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| suz3              = &amp;lt;!-- Suzhounese romanization3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| teo3              = &amp;lt;!-- Teochew3 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-bs3            = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Baxter-Sagart reconstruction3) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-zz3            = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Zhengzhang Shangfang reconstruction3) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Third alternative name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| altname4          = &amp;lt;!-- Third alternative name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| c4                = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| t4                = &amp;lt;!-- Traditional4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| s4                = &amp;lt;!-- Simplified4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| l4                = &amp;lt;!-- Literal Meaning4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tp4               = &amp;lt;!-- Tongyong pinyin4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| p4                = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| w4                = &amp;lt;!-- Wade Giles4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mi4               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin IPA4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| psp4              = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese Postal Map Romanisation spelling4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| my4               = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Yale4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gr4               = &amp;lt;!-- Gwoyeu Romatzyh4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mps4              = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Phonetic Symbols 4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| bpmf4             = &amp;lt;!-- Bopomofo4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| xej4              = &amp;lt;!-- Xiao&#039;erjing4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| zh-dungan4        = &amp;lt;!-- Mandarin Cyrillic4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sic4              = &amp;lt;!-- Sichuanese Mandarin4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| y4                = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Yale 4--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| j4                = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese Jyutping 4--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sl4               = &amp;lt;!-- Sidney Lau Cantonese Romanisation 4--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gd4               = &amp;lt;!-- Guangdong / Canton Romanization 4--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ci4               = &amp;lt;!-- Cantonese IPA4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| toi4              = &amp;lt;!-- Taishanese4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| gan4              = &amp;lt;!-- Gan romanization4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| wuu4              = &amp;lt;!-- Wu romanization4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hsn4              = &amp;lt;!-- Xiang romanization4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| h4                = &amp;lt;!-- Hakka4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| phfs4             = &amp;lt;!-- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| poj4              = &amp;lt;!-- Taiwanese POJ 4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| buc4              = &amp;lt;!-- Eastern Min BUC 4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hhbuc4            = &amp;lt;!-- Pu-Xian Min 4 BUC --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mblmc4            = &amp;lt;!-- Jian&#039;ou Romanized 4 of Northern Min --&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
| wng4              = &amp;lt;!-- Wu Wugniu romanization 4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ouji4             = &amp;lt;!-- Wenzhounese romanization 4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| suz4              = &amp;lt;!-- Suzhounese romanization 4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| teo4              = &amp;lt;!-- Teochew4 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-bs4            = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Baxter-Sagart reconstruction4) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| oc-zz4            = &amp;lt;!-- Old Chinese (Zhengzhang Shangfang reconstruction4) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| hangul            = 이시가기시군&lt;br /&gt;
| hanja             = &amp;lt;!-- Korean Hanja --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| rr                = ishigagi shigun&lt;br /&gt;
| mr                = &amp;lt;!-- McCune-Reischauer Romanization of Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| northkorea        = &amp;lt;!-- yes (Hangul becomes Chosŏn&#039;gŭl; Hanja becomes Hancha; in Korean name group) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lk                = &amp;lt;!-- Literal meaning in Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| cnhangul          = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese Korean Hangul --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| cnhanja           = &amp;lt;!-- Chinese Korean Hanja --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| cnrr              = &amp;lt;!-- Revised Romanization of Chinese Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| cnmr              = &amp;lt;!-- McCune-Reischauer Romanization of Chinese Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| cnlk              = &amp;lt;!-- Literal meaning in Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| nkhangul          = &amp;lt;!-- North Korean Hangul --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| nkhanja           = &amp;lt;!-- North Korean Hanja --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| nkmr              = &amp;lt;!-- McCune-Reischauer Romanization of North Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| nkrr              = &amp;lt;!-- Revised Romanization of North Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| nklk              = &amp;lt;!-- Literal meaning in Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| skhangul          = &amp;lt;!-- South Korean Hangul --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| skhanja           = &amp;lt;!-- South Korean Hanja --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| skrr              = &amp;lt;!-- Revised Romanization of South Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| skmr              = &amp;lt;!-- McCune-Reischauer Romanization of South Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sklk              = &amp;lt;!-- Literal meaning in Korean --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| kanji             = 石垣市郡&lt;br /&gt;
| kyujitai          = &amp;lt;!-- Japanese Kanji in Kyujitai --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| shinjitai         = &amp;lt;!-- Japanese Kanji in Shinjitai --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| kana              = &amp;lt;!-- Japanese Kana --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hiragana          = いしがきしぐん&lt;br /&gt;
| katakana          = &lt;br /&gt;
| romaji            = ishigaki shigun&lt;br /&gt;
| revhep            = &amp;lt;!-- Revised Hepburn romanization of Japanese --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tradhep           = &amp;lt;!-- Traditional Hepburn romanization of Japanese --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| kunrei            = &amp;lt;!-- Kunrei-shiki romanization of Japanese --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| nihon             = &amp;lt;!-- Nihon-shiki romanization of Japanese --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tgl               = &amp;lt;!-- Filipino Tagalog --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ben               = &amp;lt;!-- Bengali language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| asm               = &amp;lt;!-- Assamese language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| nep               = &amp;lt;!-- Nepali language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| pra               = &amp;lt;!-- Prakrit language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hin               = &amp;lt;!-- Hindi language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| san               = &amp;lt;!-- Sanskrit language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| pli               = &amp;lt;!-- Pali language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ind               = &amp;lt;!-- Indonesian language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lao               = &amp;lt;!-- Lao language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| li                = &amp;lt;!-- Lao IPA --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| khm               = &amp;lt;!-- Khmer language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ki                = &amp;lt;!-- Khmer IPA --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| msa               = Bandar dan daerah Ishigagi&lt;br /&gt;
| mnc               = &amp;lt;!-- Manchu language in vertical Manchu script --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mnc_rom           = &amp;lt;!-- Manchu language in horizontal romanizations --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mnc_a             = &amp;lt;!-- Manchu language in horizontal Abkai transliteration --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mnc_v             = &amp;lt;!-- Manchu language in horizontal Möllendorff transliteration --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mon               = &amp;lt;!-- Mongolian language in Cyrillic alphabet --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| mong              = &amp;lt;!-- Mongolian language in Mongolian script --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| monr              = &amp;lt;!-- SASM/GNC romanization of Mongolian --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| rus               = &amp;lt;!-- Russian language in Cyrillic alphabet --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| rusr              = &amp;lt;!-- Russian language in Latin alphabet --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tam               = &amp;lt;!-- Tamil language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tha               = &amp;lt;!-- Thai language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| rtgs              = &amp;lt;!-- Royal Thai General System of Transcription --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tib               = &amp;lt;!-- Tibetan language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| wylie             = &amp;lt;!-- Wylie transliteration of Tibetan --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| thdl              = &amp;lt;!-- THDL Simplified Phonetic Transcription of Tibetan --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| zwpy              = &amp;lt;!-- Zangwen Pinyin (PRC&#039;s official Tibetan transliteration) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lhasa             = &amp;lt;!-- Lhasa dialect of Tibetan in IPA --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| uig               = &amp;lt;!-- Uyghur language (Arabic script) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lu                = &amp;lt;!-- Literal meaning in Uyghur --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| uly               = &amp;lt;!-- Uyghur Latin script (Uyghur Latin Yëziqi) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| uyy               = &amp;lt;!-- Uyghur New script (Yengi Yeziⱪ) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sgs               = &amp;lt;!-- PRC&#039;s official Uyghur transliteration --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| usy               = &amp;lt;!-- Uyghur Cyrillic alphabet (Uyghur Siril Yëziqi) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| uipa              = &amp;lt;!-- Uyghur in IPA --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| vie               = &amp;lt;!-- Vietnamese language (generic) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| qn                = &amp;lt;!-- Vietnamese in Quoc Ngu script --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| hn                = &amp;lt;!-- Chu Han or Chu Nom script --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| chuhan            = &amp;lt;!-- Chu Han (Chinese characters used in Vietnam) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| chunom            = &amp;lt;!-- Vietnamese Chu Nom --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lqn               = &amp;lt;!-- Literal meaning in Vietnamese --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| zha               = &amp;lt;!-- Zhuang languages --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| zha57             = &amp;lt;!-- Zhuang 1957 orthography --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| sd                = &amp;lt;!-- Zhuang Sawndip --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| dungan            = &amp;lt;!-- Dungan language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| dungan-xej        = &amp;lt;!-- Dungan Xiao&#039;erjing --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| dungan-han        = &amp;lt;!-- Dungan Hanzi --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| dungan-latin      = &amp;lt;!-- Dungan Romanization --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| my                = &amp;lt;!-- Burmese language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| bi                = &amp;lt;!-- Burmese IPA --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| phagspa           = &amp;lt;!-- &#039;Phags-pa script --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| phagspa-latin     = &amp;lt;!-- Romanization of &#039;Phags-pa name --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tet                = &amp;lt;!--Tetum language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| por               = &amp;lt;!-- Portuguese language --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lang11            = &amp;lt;!-- Additional language11 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| lang11_content    = &amp;lt;!-- Contents of lang11 --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Etymology ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Geography ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Cityscape ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Government ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Demographics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Culture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Economy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Education ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Transportation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Cities]][[Category:Mikyo]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi&amp;diff=1395</id>
		<title>Omemi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi&amp;diff=1395"/>
		<updated>2026-05-28T12:41:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox country&lt;br /&gt;
| conventional_long_name = Omemi&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name            = 青南國&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Ōmēmi-kwani&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| image_flag             = Omemiflag.png&lt;br /&gt;
| other_symbol           = [[File:Sealomemi.png|85px]]&lt;br /&gt;
| other_symbol_type      = [[Seal]]&lt;br /&gt;
| national_anthem        = 榮へ、青南いー&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;[[Ihe, Ōmēmi-ī]]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;Prosper, Omemi&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| capital                = [[Antu]]&lt;br /&gt;
| official_languages     = [[Omemi language]]&lt;br /&gt;
| demonym                = Omemi&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title1          = [[Afakobe]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name1           = [[Myenin]]&lt;br /&gt;
| legislature            = [[Kwokutai]]&lt;br /&gt;
| currency               = [[Omemi gwen]]&lt;br /&gt;
| currency_code          = GWN&lt;br /&gt;
| official_website       = [[www.omemi.gov.om]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Omemi&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;[[Omemi language|Omemi]]:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 青南國; &#039;&#039;Ōmēmi-kwani&#039;&#039;; [oːmeːmikʷani]), known as &#039;&#039;&#039;Aominami&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Japanese:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; [a̠o̞mʲina̠mʲi]) in older English sources, is an [[wikipedia:Island_country|island nation]] in East Asia. It is located south of Kyushu, being the northernmost sub-archipelagos of the [[wikipedia:Ryukyu_Islands|Ryukyu islands]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi’s strategic position made it a major nexus of maritime trade. Merchants from Kyushu, the Ryukyus, Korea, and the Chinese coast frequented its harbors, exchanging ceramics, sulfur, timber, marine products, metals, textiles, weapons, and luxury goods. Its wealth, however, also made it vulnerable. Piracy shaped Omemi’s political culture and landscape: many coastal towns were heavily fortified, with stone sea walls, watchtowers, beacon systems, harbor chains, and cliffside refuges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1872, the [[wikipedia:Empire_of_Japan|Japanese Empire]] forced the island back under its administration as Aominami Prefecture.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi gained independence from [[wikipedia:Japan|Japan]] in the [[wikipedia:Treaty_of_San_Francisco|Treaty of San Francisco]] in 1952, much to the chagrin of the fledgling Japanese government. Under this arrangement, the [[wikipedia:United_States_Armed_Forces|U.S. military]] was granted long-term basing and transit rights on Omemi, including naval anchorage, airfield access, communications stations, and the authority to maintain forces for the defense of the island and the wider western Pacific. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Names and etymology ==&lt;br /&gt;
Chinese scribes originally rendered the island’s name phonetically as &#039;&#039;&#039;安保三南彌&#039;&#039;&#039;. The shorter poetic &#039;&#039;&#039;青南&#039;&#039;&#039; became common among Omemi’s literate classes because it was elegant, concise, and symbolically useful. 青 evoked the sea, youth, vitality, and the blue-green color of coastal waters, while 南 marked Omemi as a southern realm from the perspective of Korea and Japan, and as a southeastern maritime country from the perspective of China. In Japanese imperial usage after the nineteenth century, the name was commonly read as &#039;&#039;&#039;Aominami&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The expected, but incorrect, native reading of 青南 is *&#039;&#039;Abomyanomi&#039;&#039;, instead of &#039;&#039;Ōmēmi&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi first sent tributary missions to [[wikipedia:Ming_dynasty|Ming China]] in 1446, its enthusiastic participating in the system gaining it imperial favour from Ming emperors. During this time, [[wikipedia:Emperor_Yingzong_of_Ming|Emperor Yingzong]] bestowed the surname &#039;&#039;Shime&#039;&#039; to the ruling [[House of Shime|House of Tatasa]]. In this way, Omemi secured recognition of its soveriegnty as long as trade with China continues without interruption.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Portuguese trade ===&lt;br /&gt;
Portuguese ships first visited Omemi in 1551, landing on the island of [[Tonesshama]]. In 1577, the Portuguese was allowed to settle in the small fortress-port  [[Kozameto]], where Jesuits administered the city as a regional trading hub that served to link [[wikipedia:Portuguese_Macau|Portuguese Macau]] with [[wikipedia:Ecclesiastical_Nagasaki|Nagasaki]]. During this period, the Jesuits converted a significant amount of the inhabitants of Kozameto to Catholicism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Japanese occupation ===&lt;br /&gt;
In the 19th century, the weakening of [[wikipedia:Qing_dynasty|Qing China]] allowed the  Satsuma Domain to miilitarily pressure Omemi into signing unfavourable trade deals. The Omemi government petitioned the Qing to intervene numerous times from 1843 to 1848. However, they received no assistance other than nominal recognition of Omemi sovereignty and condemnation of the [[wikipedia:Tokugawa_shogunate|Tokugawa shogunate]] and the [[wikipedia:Satsuma_Domain|Satsuma Domain]], as the Qing was engaged in the [[wikipedia:First_Opium_War|First Opium War]] during that time. By 1852, all decisions made by the Omemi government required approval from [[wikipedia:Shimazu_Nariakira|Shimazu Nariakira]], &#039;&#039;daimyo&#039;&#039; of the Shimazu clan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1872, the Japanese Empire officially absorbed Omemi&#039;s territory as the [[Aominami Prefecture]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Japanese government attempted measures to persuade Omemi individuals to parparticipate in Japanese civic life.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Geography ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Main|Administrative divisions of Omemi}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Administrative divisions ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Economy ==&lt;br /&gt;
Despite its small economy, Omemi has a robust telecommunications infrastructure, which its bureaucracy and citizens depend on on a daily basis. Online payment platforms such as [[wikipedia:Alipay|Alipay]] or [[wikipedia:Apple_Pay|Apple Pay]] are frequently used for transactions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Religion ==&lt;br /&gt;
Omemi religious practices, like those in mainland Japan and the rest of the Ryukyu islands, is syncretic in nature. Its indigenous practices often blend together with practices of Shintoism, Mahayana Buddhism, Taoism, and more recently, Catholicism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the 16th century, Chinese merchants brought the worship of [[wikipedia:Mazu|Mazu]] to the islands as the goddess [[Mesu]]. The goddess became widely worshipped, as her status as a tutelary sea goddess made her highly popular among the seafaring Ryukyuans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Culturally, Omemi indigenous beliefs hold women to be more spiritually clean. This has resulted in the creation of a distinct class of women known as &#039;&#039;[[ofyame]]&#039;&#039;, who are given unique spiritual leadership roles, such as temple stewards, advisors, and officiants for civic ceremonies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Countries]][[Category:Omemi]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi_gwen&amp;diff=1301</id>
		<title>Omemi gwen</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Omemi_gwen&amp;diff=1301"/>
		<updated>2026-05-17T02:55:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;gwen&#039;&#039;&#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Omemi:&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 圓; symbol: &#039;&#039;&#039;₲&#039;&#039;&#039;; code: &#039;&#039;&#039;GWN&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the official currency of [[Omemi]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Etymology ==&lt;br /&gt;
The name &#039;&#039;gwen&#039;&#039; derives from the Omemi word &#039;&#039;gwen&#039;&#039; (圓), meaning &#039;round&#039;. The word is cognate with the currency names of China, Korea, and Japan—Mandarin &#039;&#039;yuán&#039;&#039;, Korean &#039;&#039;won&#039;&#039; (원/圓), and Japanese &#039;&#039;en&#039;&#039; (円). From its independence in 1952 until 1964, the currency name was known in English sources as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Omemi &#039;&#039;yen.&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Currencies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1277</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1277"/>
		<updated>2026-05-14T04:00:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;text-align: center; font-size: x-large&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;The Ryukyusphere&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;center&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;With [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles and [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFEDITS}}]] edits since December of 2025.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;hr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/hr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;Ryukyusphere&#039;&#039;&#039;, sometimes known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Ryukyuverse&#039;&#039;&#039; or simply &#039;&#039;&#039;Ryukyu&#039;&#039;&#039; is a collaborative linguistics-based geofiction project created in 2018. Centered around East Asia, the Ryukyuverse is home to a variety of conlangs having evolved in an alternate history and primarily spoken in the various islands of the Western Pacific Ocean. The focus of the project is to explore East Asian areal linguistics, geopolitics, history and ethnic relations.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To get familiar with the Ryukyuverse, check out some of these articles:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Primer]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[History]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mikyo]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Higashika]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Australia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Recent changes==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Special:RecentChanges/20}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:{{SITENAME}}]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australia&amp;diff=1276</id>
		<title>Australia</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australia&amp;diff=1276"/>
		<updated>2026-03-12T01:57:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox country&lt;br /&gt;
| conventional_long_name = Commonwealth of Australia&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name            = &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Kakayaangbanuwa Astrelya&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;{{lang|zh|澳大利亚联邦}} ([[Australian Mandarin|Chinese]])&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Aodàlìyà Liánbāng&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; ([[pinyin]])&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| image_flag             = Australian Flag.png&lt;br /&gt;
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Australia.svg.png&lt;br /&gt;
| national_anthem        = Advance Australia Fair&lt;br /&gt;
| image_map              = Australia with AAT (orthographic projection).svg.png&lt;br /&gt;
| map_width              = &lt;br /&gt;
| map_caption            = Commonwealth of Australia marked in dark green; [[Australian territorial claim in Antarctica]] marked in light green&lt;br /&gt;
| capital                = Canberra&lt;br /&gt;
| coordinates            = 35°18′29″S 149°07′28″E&lt;br /&gt;
| largest_city           = Sydney (metropolitan)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Melbourne (urban)&lt;br /&gt;
| official_languages     = {{hlist|[[Australian English|English]]|[[Australian language|Australian]]|[[Australian Mandarin|Mandarin]]}}&lt;br /&gt;
| ethnic_groups          = 42.1% [[White Australians|White]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;28.5% [[Kasanaans|Kasanaan]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;18.4% [[Chinese Australians|Chinese]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;3.2% [[Aboriginal Australian|Aboriginal]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2.5% [[Indian Australians|Indian]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;5.3% Other&lt;br /&gt;
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| religion               = 30.5% [[Christianity in Australia|Christianity]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;26.1 [[No religion]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;22.4% [[Kaunaan]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;8.2% [[Buddhism in Australia|Buddhism]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;3.4% [[Taoism in Australia|Taoism]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2.1% [[Hinduism in Australia|Hinduism]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2.0% [[Islam in Australia|Islam]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;5.3% Other&lt;br /&gt;
| demonym                = Australian&lt;br /&gt;
| government_type        = Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title1          = [[Monarchy of Australia|Monarch]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name1           = [[Charles III]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title2          = [[Governor-General of Australia|Governor-General]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name2           = [[Sam Mostyn]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title3          = [[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name3           = [[Anthony Albanese]]&lt;br /&gt;
| legislature            = [[Parliament of Australia|Parliament]]&lt;br /&gt;
| upper_house            = [[Australian Senate|Senate]]&lt;br /&gt;
| lower_house            = [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]&lt;br /&gt;
| sovereignty_type       = Independence&lt;br /&gt;
| sovereignty_note       = from the [[wikipedia:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event1     = [[Federation of Australia|Federation]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date1      = 1 January 1901&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event2     = [[Balfour Declaration of 1926|Balfour Declaration]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date2      = 15 November 1926&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event3     = [[Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942|Statute of Westminster Adoption Act]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date3      = 9 October 1942&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event4     = [[Australia Act 1986|Australia Acts]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date4      = 3 March 1986&lt;br /&gt;
| area_km2               = 7,688,287&lt;br /&gt;
| area_rank              = 6th&lt;br /&gt;
| area_sq_mi             = 2,968,464&lt;br /&gt;
| percent_water          = 1.79&lt;br /&gt;
| population_estimate    = 47,259,113&lt;br /&gt;
| population_census      = 44,802,827&lt;br /&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2026&lt;br /&gt;
| population_estimate_rank = 32nd&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_km2 = 6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 15.9&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_rank = 232nd&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP                = $1.982 trillion&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 22nd&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = $41,939&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 58th&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal            = $1.830 trillion&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 15th&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $38,723&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 32nd&lt;br /&gt;
| currency               = [[Australian dollar]]&lt;br /&gt;
| currency_code          = $, AUD&lt;br /&gt;
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy&lt;br /&gt;
| calling_code           = +61&lt;br /&gt;
| iso3166code            = AU&lt;br /&gt;
| cctld                  = .au&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Australia&#039;&#039;&#039;, officially the &#039;&#039;&#039;Commonwealth of Australia&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It has a total area of 7,688,287 km&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; (2,968,464 sq mi), making it the sixth-largest country in the world and the largest in Oceania. Australia is the world&#039;s flattest and driest inhabited continent. It is a megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates including deserts in the interior and tropical rainforests along the coast.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Geography ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Government and politics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Economy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Demographics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Culture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Countries]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Australia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australia&amp;diff=1275</id>
		<title>Australia</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australia&amp;diff=1275"/>
		<updated>2026-03-12T01:57:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox country&lt;br /&gt;
| conventional_long_name = Commonwealth of Australia&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name            = &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Kakayaangbanuwa Astrelya&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;{{lang|zh|澳大利亚联邦}} ([[Australian Mandarin|Chinese]])&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Aodàlìyà Liánbāng&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; ([[pinyin]])&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| image_flag             = Australian Flag.png&lt;br /&gt;
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Australia.svg.png&lt;br /&gt;
| national_anthem        = Advance Australia Fair&lt;br /&gt;
| image_map              = Australia with AAT (orthographic projection).svg.png&lt;br /&gt;
| map_width              = &lt;br /&gt;
| map_caption            = Commonwealth of Australia marked in dark green; [[Australian territorial claim in Antarctica]] marked in light green&lt;br /&gt;
| capital                = Canberra&lt;br /&gt;
| coordinates            = 35°18′29″S 149°07′28″E&lt;br /&gt;
| largest_city           = Sydney (metropolitan)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Melbourne (urban)&lt;br /&gt;
| official_languages     = {{hlist|[[Australian English|English]]|[[Australian language|Australian]]|[[Australian Mandarin|Mandarin]]}}&lt;br /&gt;
| ethnic_groups          = 42.1% [[White Australians|White]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;28.5% [[Kasanaans|Kasanaan]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;18.4% [[Chinese Australians|Chinese]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;3.2% [[Aboriginal Australian|Aboriginal]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2.5% [[Indian Australians|Indian]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;5.3% Other&lt;br /&gt;
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| religion               = 30.5% [[Christianity in Australia|Christianity]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;26.1 [[No religion]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;22.4% [[Kaunaan]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;8.2% [[Buddhism in Australia|Buddhism]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;3.4% [[Taoism in Australia|Taoism]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2.1% [[Hinduism in Australia|Hinduism]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2.0% [[Islam in Australia|Islam]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;5.3% Other&lt;br /&gt;
| demonym                = Australian&lt;br /&gt;
| government_type        = Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title1          = [[Monarchy of Australia|Monarch]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name1           = [[Charles III]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title2          = [[Governor-General of Australia|Governor-General]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name2           = [[Sam Mostyn]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_title3          = [[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leader_name3           = [[Anthony Albanese]]&lt;br /&gt;
| legislature            = [[Parliament of Australia|Parliament]]&lt;br /&gt;
| upper_house            = [[Australian Senate|Senate]]&lt;br /&gt;
| lower_house            = [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]&lt;br /&gt;
| sovereignty_type       = Independence&lt;br /&gt;
| sovereignty_note       = from the [[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event1     = [[Federation of Australia|Federation]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date1      = 1 January 1901&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event2     = [[Balfour Declaration of 1926|Balfour Declaration]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date2      = 15 November 1926&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event3     = [[Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942|Statute of Westminster Adoption Act]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date3      = 9 October 1942&lt;br /&gt;
| established_event4     = [[Australia Act 1986|Australia Acts]]&lt;br /&gt;
| established_date4      = 3 March 1986&lt;br /&gt;
| area_km2               = 7,688,287&lt;br /&gt;
| area_rank              = 6th&lt;br /&gt;
| area_sq_mi             = 2,968,464&lt;br /&gt;
| percent_water          = 1.79&lt;br /&gt;
| population_estimate    = 47,259,113&lt;br /&gt;
| population_census      = 44,802,827&lt;br /&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2026&lt;br /&gt;
| population_estimate_rank = 32nd&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_km2 = 6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 15.9&lt;br /&gt;
| population_density_rank = 232nd&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP                = $1.982 trillion&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 22nd&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = $41,939&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 58th&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal            = $1.830 trillion&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 15th&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $38,723&lt;br /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 32nd&lt;br /&gt;
| currency               = [[Australian dollar]]&lt;br /&gt;
| currency_code          = $, AUD&lt;br /&gt;
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy&lt;br /&gt;
| calling_code           = +61&lt;br /&gt;
| iso3166code            = AU&lt;br /&gt;
| cctld                  = .au&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Australia&#039;&#039;&#039;, officially the &#039;&#039;&#039;Commonwealth of Australia&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It has a total area of 7,688,287 km&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; (2,968,464 sq mi), making it the sixth-largest country in the world and the largest in Oceania. Australia is the world&#039;s flattest and driest inhabited continent. It is a megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates including deserts in the interior and tropical rainforests along the coast.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Geography ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Government and politics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Economy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Demographics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Culture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Countries]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Australia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Linguistics&amp;diff=1271</id>
		<title>Category:Linguistics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Linguistics&amp;diff=1271"/>
		<updated>2026-01-21T08:55:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: Created blank page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Australian_language&amp;diff=1270</id>
		<title>Category:Australian language</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Australian_language&amp;diff=1270"/>
		<updated>2026-01-21T08:55:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: Created page with &amp;quot;Category:Languages&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Languages]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australian_language&amp;diff=1269</id>
		<title>Australian language</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australian_language&amp;diff=1269"/>
		<updated>2026-01-21T08:55:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox language&lt;br /&gt;
| name             = Australian&lt;br /&gt;
| familycolor      = Austronesian&lt;br /&gt;
| nativename       = &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Basang Astrelya&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| pronunciation    = [ᵐbɐˈsaŋ ɐsˈt͡ʃeljə]&lt;br /&gt;
| states           = Australia&lt;br /&gt;
| ethnicity        = Kasanaan Australians&lt;br /&gt;
| speakers         = 10.2 million&lt;br /&gt;
| fam1             = Australian&lt;br /&gt;
| fam2             = Malayo-Polynesian&lt;br /&gt;
| fam3             = Kasanaan&lt;br /&gt;
| fam4             = Eastern Kasanaan&lt;br /&gt;
| fam5             = Southeastern Kasanaan&lt;br /&gt;
| ancestor         = Old Australian&lt;br /&gt;
| ancestor2        = &lt;br /&gt;
| ancestor3        = &lt;br /&gt;
| stand1           = Standard Australian&lt;br /&gt;
| nation           = Australia&lt;br /&gt;
| altname          = Australian Malay&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Kasanaan&lt;br /&gt;
| date             = 2025&lt;br /&gt;
| speakers2        = &lt;br /&gt;
| script           = Latin&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Pangkekeritang kasanaan (marginal)&lt;br /&gt;
| iso3             = &lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Australian&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;basang Astrelya&#039;&#039;), also known as &#039;&#039;Australian Malay&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;Kasanaan&#039;&#039;, is an Austronesian language spoken in [[Australia]], used by the ethnic [[Kasanaan]] in various parts of Australia, the mainland of the Oceanic continent, as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous other islands. Australian itself is a standardized form of the Kasanaan language spoken around Sydney and Canberra, and is co-official with [[wikipedia:English_language|English]] and [[wikipedia:Chinese_language|Chinese]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
Austronesian is thought to have dispersed out of Taiwan between 3000 and 1500 BCE, though the settlement of Australia by Austronesian peoples has less certain dating. Australia was likely peopled by Austronesians in multiple waves, either displacing or mixing with [[Aboriginal Australians]], between 1000 BCE and 500 CE. Some linguistic evidence suggests Australian to be more closely linked to Bornean and Barito, though, this link is tentative, and linguists today do not classify Australian as in the same subbranch as Bornean and Barito languages, instead as part of a separate [[Kasanaan branch]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Before European contact, Australian lacks both an internal and external a written history, due to the relatively isolated nature of Australian Austronesians from other major ethnic groups and trade routes. Kasanaan languages largely evolved in isolation until the 18th century, after the establishment of the first European settlement in 1788 in New South Wales. As the Colony of New South Wales largely overlapped with territory populated primarily by Southeastern Kasanaans, the subbranch from which Australian derives, the people and language were exposed to European contact early in the process of colonization. Subsequent gold rushes brought Southeastern Kasanaans into further contact with European and Chinese settlers, who established colonies throughout the continent.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the federation of the Australian colonies into the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901, and under the White Australia policy, the Australian language was suppressed and largely absent from government until the 1970s and 1980s, during a wave of revived interest in the Kasanaan nationalist movement. During this time, a revived interest in &#039;&#039;[[pangkekeritang kasanaan]]&#039;&#039; (the invented native script for Australian) and &#039;&#039;[[pakakariang wukat]]&#039;&#039; (use of the Australian language which avoids foreign loanwords) were incorporated into the [[Kasanaan nationalist movement]], often with the aim of legitimizing the language. In 1998, the Australian language was made co-official with English and Chinese.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Modern Australia incorporates what is referred to as the [[Race in Australia|WCKO]] (White-Chinese-Kasanaan-Other) model as a primary framework for race and language in education and administration, wherein English is the primary language of politics and administration, and wherein white Australians are educated in English, Chinese Australians in Mandarin, and Kasanaan Australians in Australian. However, the state&#039;s management of race and language, as well as the relevance of the WCKO model, has been a point of contention since its introduction.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Phonological evolution ===&lt;br /&gt;
The following diagram shows the consonants of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, along with their outcomes in the modern Australian language:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Proto-Malayo-Polynesian consonants&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Labial&lt;br /&gt;
!Alveolar&lt;br /&gt;
!Palatal&lt;br /&gt;
!Retroflex&lt;br /&gt;
!Palatalized&lt;br /&gt;
velar&lt;br /&gt;
!Velar&lt;br /&gt;
!Uvular&lt;br /&gt;
!Glottal&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Voiceless obstruent&lt;br /&gt;
|*p &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*t &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;t, s&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*c /c͡ç/ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*k &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;k&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*q &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;h, y&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Voiced obstruent&lt;br /&gt;
|*b &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;b, w, p&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*d &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;d, y, t&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*z /ɟ͡ʝ/ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;j, c&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*D /ɖ/ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;d, y&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*j /ɡʲ/ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*g &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;g, k&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Nasal&lt;br /&gt;
|*m &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*n &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|*ñ /ɲ/ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*ŋ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Fricative&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*s &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;s&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*h &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;&amp;lt;nowiki/&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;, Ø&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Lateral&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*l &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;l, w, h&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Tap or trill&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*r &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*R /ʀ/ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Approximant&lt;br /&gt;
|*w &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|*y /j/ &amp;gt; &#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The vowels of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian are largely unchanged, however, the diphthongs *aw and *uy have been reduced to /u/ and /e/.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Assibilation ====&lt;br /&gt;
The Proto-Malayo-Polynesian phoneme *t in initial positions yields the sibilant &#039;&#039;s&#039;&#039; in the modern language:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *takut &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;sakut&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to be sick&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *taŋis &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;sangis&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to cry&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *tubuq, *tumbuq &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;suwu&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;body&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Further, *q yields &#039;&#039;h&#039;&#039;, except in initial environments where it yields &#039;&#039;y-&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *baqəʀu &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;baheru&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;new&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *laqin &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;lahin&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;different&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lenition ====&lt;br /&gt;
Medial *b and *d, as well as medial *mp/*mb and *nt/*nt, yield -&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;- and -&#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;- respectively in the modern language:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *babuy &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;babe&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;pig&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *ampu &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;awu&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;grandparent&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *ləmbut &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;lewut&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;soft, tender&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *wada &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;aya&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;there is/are; to exist&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *punti &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;puyi&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;banana&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *landak &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;layak&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;porcupine&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The lateral *l is palatalized around front vowels and semivowels to -&#039;&#039;j&#039;&#039;-, and velarized to -&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;- around back vowels and semivowels:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *iliŋ₁ &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;iying&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to pour&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *bəli &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;beyi&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to buy&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *lutuq &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;wutu&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to cook&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *tuluŋ &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;suwung&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to help&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Elsewhere, *l is simply elided to -&#039;&#039;h&#039;&#039;-:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *alap &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;ahap&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to take; to fetch&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *balay &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;bahay&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;house&amp;quot; (&#039;&#039;dialectal&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *halas &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;ahas&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;forest&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Medial *h is elided entirely:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *bahi &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;bay&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;woman&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *bahu &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;bau&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;smell, odor&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* PMP *tuhud &amp;gt; AUS &#039;&#039;suut&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;knee&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Geographic distribution ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Official status ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Consonants ===&lt;br /&gt;
The consonants that occur in Australian are shown below in the international phonetic alphabet, with their orthographic equivalents in parentheses:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian consonant phonemes&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
!Bilabial&lt;br /&gt;
!Dental/&lt;br /&gt;
Alveolar&lt;br /&gt;
!Post‑alv./&lt;br /&gt;
Palatal&lt;br /&gt;
!Velar&lt;br /&gt;
!Glottal&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Nasal&lt;br /&gt;
|m (&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|n (&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ŋ (&#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Stop/&lt;br /&gt;
Affricate&lt;br /&gt;
!&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;voiceless&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|p (&#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|t (&#039;&#039;t&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|t͡ʃ (&#039;&#039;c, tiy, ty, ter, tr&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|k (&#039;&#039;k&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|ʔ&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;voiced&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|ᵐb (&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|ⁿd (&#039;&#039;d&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|d͡ʒ (&#039;&#039;j, diy, dy, der, dr&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|ᵑg (&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Fricative&lt;br /&gt;
!&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;voiceless&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|s (&#039;&#039;s&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|ʃ (&#039;&#039;siy, sy&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|h (&#039;&#039;h&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Approximant&lt;br /&gt;
!&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;semivowel&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|w (&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|j (&#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;lateral&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|l (&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Trill&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|r (&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Notes ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Coda /n/ and /ŋ/ may undergo assimilation before bilabials, where they are realized as [n͡m] and [ŋ͡m] respectively (e.g., &#039;&#039;sawangan mu&#039;&#039; [sɐˈwaŋən͡m mʊ] &amp;quot;your (pl.) help&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
* The stop /k/ is sometimes realized as [ç] before /i/ and /j/, and as [x] elsewhere by some rural and working-class speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
* The stops /b/, /d/, and /g/ are prenasalized as [ᵐb], [ⁿd], and [ᵑg]. Medially, some speakers denasalize them as [b], [d], and [g], whereas other speakers (particularly in western and northern dialects), fully nasalize them medially as [m], [n], [ŋ].&lt;br /&gt;
* /n/, /t/, /d/, and /s/ are dental [n̪], [t̪], [d̪], and [s̪] in most varieties. Some speakers also realize /l/ as dental [l̪].&lt;br /&gt;
* Many speakers realize /t͡ʃ/ and /d͡ʒ/ as /ʃʃ/ and /ʒʒ/ in medial environments (e.g., &#039;&#039;sijek&#039;&#039; [sɪʒˈʒek̚] &amp;quot;to stand&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
* /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/, and /d͡ʒ/ are realized by some speakers as either [ɕ], [t͡ɕ], and [d͡ʑ] or as [ʂ], [t͡ʂ], and [d͡ʐ] by some younger speakers around Canberra and Sydney.&lt;br /&gt;
* Fricatives are often voiced medially (e.g., &#039;&#039;aseng&#039;&#039; [ɐˈzeŋ] &amp;quot;foreign&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ may be voiced or elided medially, or be realized as [w] following or preceding /u/ (e.g., &#039;&#039;uhar&#039;&#039; [uɦar~uwar~uar] &amp;quot;snake&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
* The rhotic /r/ is typically an alveolar trill [r], however, some variation exists wherein it may be realized as [ɹ], [ɻ͡ʐ], [ɹ̝], or [ʐ] in more informal, rapid speech.&lt;br /&gt;
* In normal, rapid speech, instances of onset /j/ or /w/ may be elided, when they occur before or after /i/ or /u/, respectively (e.g., &#039;&#039;yicu&#039;&#039;&#039; [ɪˈt͡ʃuʔ] &amp;quot;closet, wardrobe&amp;quot;; &#039;&#039;huwan&#039;&#039; [ˈhwan] &amp;quot;end, finish&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Vowels ====&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Australian has between four and five vowel phonemes, with the inclusion of /o/ being variable.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian vowel phonemes&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Front&lt;br /&gt;
!Central&lt;br /&gt;
!Back&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Close&lt;br /&gt;
|i (&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|u (&#039;&#039;u&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Mid&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ə (&#039;&#039;e&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|o (&#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Open&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|a (&#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Grammar ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Main|Australian grammar}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Writing system ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Vocabulary ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Basic vocabulary ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Basic vocabulary in Australian&lt;br /&gt;
!English&lt;br /&gt;
!Australian&lt;br /&gt;
!IPA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ayatu,&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;iya&#039;&#039;,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐˈjatʊ]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[ɪˈja]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[ˈja]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|no&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;ji&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[hɐˈd͡ʒi]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[ˈd͡ʒi]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|what&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;anu,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;apa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐˈnu]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[ɐˈpa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|who&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sai,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;sipa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈsaʔɪ~ˈsaj]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[sɪˈpa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|where&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;danu,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;dapa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ⁿdɐˈnu]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[ⁿdɐˈpa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|when&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kanu,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;kapan&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[kɐˈnu]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[kɐˈpan]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|why&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;anungi,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;apangi&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐˈnuŋɪ]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[ɐˈpaŋɪ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|how&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;payanu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[pɐˈjanʊ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|how many&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;maanu,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;maapa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[mɐʔɐˈnuʔ]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[mɐʔɐˈpa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|which&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;anuying,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;apaying&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐˈnujɪŋ]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[ɐˈpajɪŋ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|eat&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;angkan&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐŋˈkan]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|sleep&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;suyur&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sʊˈjur]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|drink&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;inum&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɪˈnum]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|read&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;baca&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbɐˈt͡ʃaʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|see&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kita&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[kɪˈta]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Numbers ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Ordinal numbers in Australian&lt;br /&gt;
!Number&lt;br /&gt;
!English&lt;br /&gt;
!Australian&lt;br /&gt;
!IPA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;isa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɪˈsa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|two&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;duwa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ⁿdʊˈwa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
|three&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sehu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[səˈhu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
|four&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;epat&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[əˈpat̚]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
|five&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yima&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[jɪˈma]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|six&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;anem&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐˈnem]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
|seven&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pitu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[pɪˈtu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
|eight&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;duwing&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ⁿdʊˈwiŋ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
|nine&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sawing&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈsawɪŋ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|ten&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sangapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sɐŋɐˈpuʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|eleven&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|twelve&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngiyuwa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪjʊˈwa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|thirteen&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisehu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪsəˈhu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|14&lt;br /&gt;
|fourteen&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisepat&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪsəˈpat̚]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|15&lt;br /&gt;
|fifteen&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngiyima&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪjɪˈma]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|16&lt;br /&gt;
|sixteen&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisanem&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪsɐˈnem]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
|seventeen&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngipitu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪpɪˈtu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|18&lt;br /&gt;
|eighteen&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngiyuwing&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪjʊˈwiŋ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
|nineteen&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisawing&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsawɪŋ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
|twenty&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;duwapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ⁿdʊˈwapʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
|twenty-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-sangapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa sɐŋɐˈpuʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|30&lt;br /&gt;
|thirty&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sehupu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[səˈhupʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|31&lt;br /&gt;
|thirty-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-duwapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa ⁿdʊˈwapʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|40&lt;br /&gt;
|forty&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;epatpu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[əˈpat̚pʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|41&lt;br /&gt;
|forty-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-sehupu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa səˈhupʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|50&lt;br /&gt;
|fifty&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yimapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[jɪˈmapʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|51&lt;br /&gt;
|fifty-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-epatpu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa əˈpat̚pʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|60&lt;br /&gt;
|sixty&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;anewu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐˈnewʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|61&lt;br /&gt;
|sixty-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-yimapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa jɪˈmapʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|70&lt;br /&gt;
|seventy&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pitupu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[pɪˈtupʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|71&lt;br /&gt;
|seventy-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-anewu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa ɐˈnewʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|80&lt;br /&gt;
|eighty&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;awupu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ɐˈwupʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|81&lt;br /&gt;
|eighty-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-pitupu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa pɪˈtupʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|90&lt;br /&gt;
|ninety&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;siwapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sɪˈwapʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|91&lt;br /&gt;
|ninety-one&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ngisa-awupu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ŋɪˈsa ɐˈwupʊʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|100&lt;br /&gt;
|hundred&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sarus&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sɐˈrus]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1,000&lt;br /&gt;
|thousand&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;riwu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[rɪˈwu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|10,000&lt;br /&gt;
|ten-thousand&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sangapu&#039;-riwu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sɐŋɐˈpuʔ rɪˈwu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|100,000&lt;br /&gt;
|hundred-thousand&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sarus-riwu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sɐˈrus rɪˈwu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1,000,000&lt;br /&gt;
|million&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;miliyen&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[mɪˈlijən]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1,000,000,000&lt;br /&gt;
|billion&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;biliyen&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[bɪˈlijən]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Days and months ===&lt;br /&gt;
In Australian, there are two sets of words for the days and months, the first of which is directly loaned from English, the other being nativized words coined as &#039;&#039;pakakariang wukat.&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Days&lt;br /&gt;
!English&lt;br /&gt;
!Loaned form&lt;br /&gt;
!IPA&lt;br /&gt;
!&#039;&#039;Pakakariang wukat&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
!IPA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Monday&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mondey&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[mənˈⁿdej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;waring kaisa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wɐˈriŋ kɐʔɪˈsa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tuesday&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;tusdey&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[tʊsˈⁿdej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;waring kaduwa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wɐˈriŋ kɐⁿdʊˈwa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Wednesday&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;wenesdey&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wənəsˈⁿdej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;waring kasehu&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wɐˈriŋ kɐsəˈhu]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Thursday&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;terseday&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[tərsəˈⁿdej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;waring kaepat&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wɐˈriŋ kɐʔəˈpat̚]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Friday&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;peraydey&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[p(ə)rɐjˈⁿdej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;waring kalima&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wɐˈriŋ kɐlɪˈma]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Saturday&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;saterdey&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sɐtərˈⁿdej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;waring kaanem&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wɐˈriŋ kɐʔɐˈnem]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Sunday&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sendey&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[sənˈⁿdej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;waring mangisek&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[wɐˈriŋ mɐŋɪˈsek]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Months&lt;br /&gt;
!English&lt;br /&gt;
!Loaned form&lt;br /&gt;
!IPA&lt;br /&gt;
!&#039;&#039;Pakakariang wukat&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
!IPA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|January&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;januwari&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈd͡ʒanʊwɐrɪ]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang kaisa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan kɐʔɪˈsa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|February&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pebuwari&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈpeᵐbʊwɐrɪ]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang wukat&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan wʊˈkat̚]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|March&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;marci&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈmart͡ʃɪ]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang kacancengan&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan kɐt͡ʃɐnˈt͡ʃeŋən]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|April&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;april&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈaprɪl]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang daytang bitwan&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan ˈⁿdajtəŋ ᵐbɪˈtwan]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|May&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mey&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈmej]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang sana&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan sɐˈna]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|June&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jun&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈd͡ʒun]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang anak&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan ɐˈnak̚]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|July&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;julay&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈd͡ʒulɐj]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang langit&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan lɐˈŋit]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|August&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;agus&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈaᵑgʊs]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang raja&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan rɐˈd͡ʒa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|September&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;september&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈseptəmᵐbər]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang kasawing&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan kɐˈsawɪŋ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|October&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;oktober&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈoktɔᵐbər]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang kasangapu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan kɐsɐŋɐˈpuʔ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|November&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;nowember&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈnowəᵐbər]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang kangisa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan kɐŋɪˈsa]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|December&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;desember&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ˈdesəᵐbər]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;buwang kangiyuwa&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|[ᵐbʊˈwan ŋɪjʊˈwa]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Foreign language ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Australian language]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australian_grammar&amp;diff=1268</id>
		<title>Australian grammar</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australian_grammar&amp;diff=1268"/>
		<updated>2026-01-21T08:54:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Australian Grammar&#039;&#039;&#039; (Australian: &#039;&#039;satarbasang astrelya&#039;&#039;) is the body of rules that describe the structure of expressions in the [[Australian language]], one of the official languages in Australia. In Australian, there are four basic parts of speech: nouns (including pronouns), verbs, adjectives, and grammatical function words (or particles). Nouns and verbs may be basic roots, but frequently they are derived from other words by means of prefixes and suffixes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For clarity, stressed syllables are marked with an acute ⟨á⟩, stressed syllables ending in a glottal stop with a circumflex ⟨â⟩, and unstressed syllables ending in a glottal stop with a grave ⟨à⟩, as these distinctions are phonemic in Australian phonology, though not in its orthography.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Word order ==&lt;br /&gt;
Australian has a strict verb-initial word order, wherein the order of other arguments is optional and may be rearranged for different pragmatic purposes.&lt;br /&gt;
 &#039;&#039;&#039;B⟨in⟩acâ=ngya kerítan&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 ⟨&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;PAT&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;FOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.⟩read=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;IDR&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; book&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;quot;She reads a book&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
In Australian, there is also a strong tendency to promote the focus argument, in this case the patient &#039;&#039;keritan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;book&amp;quot; to front of an utterance, occurring directly after a verb, however this is not mandatory.&lt;br /&gt;
 &#039;&#039;&#039;B⟨in⟩acâ kerítan ngya&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 ⟨&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;PAT&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;FOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.⟩read book &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;IDR&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;quot;She reads a book.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &#039;&#039;&#039;L⟨um⟩uwás na=kú yengán=nya sa kebeyîan nyu=ng yahéyu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 ⟨&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;AGE&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;FOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;⟩go &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;PERF&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;DIR&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; with=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;LOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; market this=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;RELZ&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; day&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;quot;I went to the market with her today.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Ultimately, the order of arguments is optional and at the discretion of the speaker, as long as the verb phrase remains the first argument.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In nominal phrases consisting of a head noun and a modifier, the order of the two may be flexible, as they remain tied with the relativizing clitic &#039;&#039;-(a)ng&#039;&#039;. Thus, the phrase &amp;quot;in the house&amp;quot; may be either &#039;&#039;da syan-g rumâ&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;da rumá-ng syan&#039;&#039;, the order being at the discretion of the speaker and primarily dependent on pragmatic factors such as emphasis or avoiding redundancy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Word formation ==&lt;br /&gt;
Australian is an agglutinating language wherein words may be formed through either affixation to a root word, composition of two root words, or reduplication of a root word.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Affixation ===&lt;br /&gt;
Root words are either nouns or verbs, which may be affixed to form new words, e.g., &#039;&#039;angsyún&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[1]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; (thought) may yield &#039;&#039;marsyún&#039;&#039; (thinks, as a verb), &#039;&#039;mampasyúsyunan&#039;&#039; (thinking), &#039;&#039;kasyúnan&#039;&#039; (philosophy), etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Australian uses four types of affixes: prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and circumfixes. The table below illustrates some of the most common of each type of affix:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Summary table of Australian affixation&lt;br /&gt;
!Type of Affix&lt;br /&gt;
!Affix&lt;br /&gt;
!Affix meaning&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of root word&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of derived word&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;12&amp;quot; |Prefix&lt;br /&gt;
|ang-&lt;br /&gt;
|euphonic&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;syún&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;think&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ang-syún&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;thought&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|da-&lt;br /&gt;
|un-, in-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jahát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;do&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;da-jahát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;undo&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ma-&lt;br /&gt;
|adjectivizer&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yitém&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;black (n.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ma-yitém&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;black&amp;quot; (adj.)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|maka-&lt;br /&gt;
|ablitative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;eyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sadness&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;makà-eyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;can be sad&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|maN-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
|agent noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;burú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hunt&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mam-buburú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hunter&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|mampa-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ují&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;examine (v.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mampà-ù-ují&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;examination&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|paN-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yamán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;flavor&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pang-ya-yamán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;seasoning&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|paka-&lt;br /&gt;
|causative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;senáng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;happiness&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;paka-senáng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;pleasing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|par-&lt;br /&gt;
|reflexive&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;see&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;par-kitá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;see oneself&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|pari-&lt;br /&gt;
|reciprocal&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kep&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hug&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pari-kép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hug each other&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|sa-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;quot;whole&amp;quot;, equational, quantitative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;karísan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;picture&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sa-karísan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;whole picture&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|wa-&lt;br /&gt;
|re-, again&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;biháng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;count&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;wa-biháng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;recount&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Infix&lt;br /&gt;
| -eng-&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sujúk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;show (v.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;s-eng-ujúk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;pointer finger&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| -in-&lt;br /&gt;
|patient focus&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yamít&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;kiss&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;y-in-amít&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;kissed&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| -is-&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument/&lt;br /&gt;
benefactive focus&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yarép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;want&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;y-is-arép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;wanted for/because of&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| -um-&lt;br /&gt;
|agent focus&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;lakát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;go&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;l-um-akát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;go&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Suffix&lt;br /&gt;
| -(y)a&lt;br /&gt;
|imperative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kancíng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;clean&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kancíng-a&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;clean! (imp.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| -an&lt;br /&gt;
|object, locational noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;suyúr&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sleep&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;suyúran&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;bed&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| -ken&lt;br /&gt;
|transitivizer, applicative, benefactive&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;beráy&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;give&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;beráy-ken&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;give unto&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| -(a)li&lt;br /&gt;
|diminutive&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;egéwan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;cloth&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;egéwan-ali&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;napkin&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Circumfix&lt;br /&gt;
|ing- -an&lt;br /&gt;
|patient noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;eat&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ing-kán-an&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;food&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ka- -an&lt;br /&gt;
|qualitative, abstract, collective, or likeness noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;awák&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;create&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kà-awák-an&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;creation&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|mampa-CV~ -an&lt;br /&gt;
|abstract, instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sawúng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;gather&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mampa-sa-sawùng-an&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;gathering&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to native affixes, Australian may also use some from English, due to the multilingual nature of its speech community, such as &#039;&#039;anti-&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;pro-&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;-iste&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;-oleji&#039;&#039;, for example.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Reduplication ===&lt;br /&gt;
Reduplication is highly productive in Australian, and is divided into two subtypes: full and partial reduplication.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Full reduplication is the most productive pluralizing morphology, wherein an entire root is reduplicated, eg., &#039;&#039;jahán&#039;&#039; (place) yields &#039;&#039;jahán-jahán&#039;&#039; (places.) Full reduplication may also be used with roots to denote a plural-adjacent meaning, in particular this is productive with temporal and spatial roots, e.g., &#039;&#039;yahéyu&#039;&#039; (day) yields &#039;&#039;yahéyu-yahéyu&#039;&#039; (daily, every day), &#039;&#039;kapán&#039;&#039; (when) yields &#039;&#039;kapán-kapán&#039;&#039; (whenever, at any time). Likewise, the earlier &#039;&#039;jahán-jahán&#039;&#039; may mean either &amp;quot;places&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;any place, anywhere&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Partial reduplication involves repition of only part of a root. typically the first syllable, and is most productive in conjunction with a preceding prefix. In particular, it is the most productive formation of the imperfective form of verbs, e.g., &#039;&#039;suwû&#039;&#039; (to grow) yields &#039;&#039;su-suwû&#039;&#039; (to be growing). Partial reduplication is also present when used in conjunction with some aforementioned derivational affixes, e.g., &#039;&#039;sawá&#039;&#039; (laugh) when combined with the circumfix &#039;&#039;mampa- -an&#039;&#039; yields &#039;&#039;mampa-sa-sawâ-an&#039;&#039; (laughter).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Compounding ===&lt;br /&gt;
Compounding is perhaps the least productive strategy for new word formation, and typically results from reanalyzing two separate words as one. Compounding is typically head-initial, and may require the relativizing affix &#039;&#039;-(a)ng&#039;&#039; between the two roots, e.g., &#039;&#039;mabúwek&#039;&#039; (hairy) and &#039;&#039;lawâ&#039;&#039; (spider) together yield &#039;&#039;mabúwek&#039;&#039;&#039;ang&#039;&#039;&#039;lawà&#039;&#039; (tarantula). However, this may not always apply, as in other roots this affix is absent, such as in &#039;&#039;satarbasa&#039;&#039; (grammar, from &#039;&#039;satar&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;rule&amp;quot; and &#039;&#039;basa&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;language&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Nouns ==&lt;br /&gt;
Common derivational affixes for nouns include &#039;&#039;maN-&#039;&#039; (denoting an agent characterized by the root), &#039;&#039;mampa-( -an)&#039;&#039; (denoting an instrument, instance of a root occurring, or the process of the root), &#039;&#039;-an&#039;&#039; (denoting object, place, likeness, or a state resulting from the root), &#039;&#039;ka- -an&#039;&#039; (qualities, abstractions, collectives, or likeness), and &#039;&#039;ing- -an&#039;&#039; (denoting a patient or state characterized by the root).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nouns in Australian do not typically inflected for gender, case, or number, however, reduplication may be used at time to explicitly denote a plural, chiefly in the written language.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nouns are, however, preceded by case-marking particles. These follow a symmetrical voice, and are divided into three categories: direct (&#039;&#039;i/sing&#039;&#039;), indirect (&#039;&#039;nung/ning&#039;&#039;), and oblique (&#039;&#039;sa/king&#039;&#039;). Proper nouns, such as the names of people and places, take the particles &#039;&#039;sing/ning/king&#039;&#039;, whereas all other nouns take the particles &#039;&#039;i/nung/sa&#039;&#039;. In some dialects, particularly in and around Canberra and in the northern end of the dialect continuum, this is reanalyzed as a human-nonhuman animacy system, wherein &#039;&#039;sing/ning/king&#039;&#039; is used for all human nouns and &#039;&#039;i/nung/sa&#039;&#039; is used for all nonhuman nouns. For clarity and brevity, this article will focus on the traditional distinction, rather than the more innovative human-nonhuman animacy distinction. Furthermore, in most dialects, the direct case marker &#039;&#039;i/sing&#039;&#039; is omitted in both spoken and written Australian. Its use is maintained in highly formal Australian, or they may be used sporadically at times by speakers to emphasize or clarify the direct argument, or for euphonic purposes, such as to prevent a cluster, especially in poetry and song.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Australian, the direct case marks the noun which has a special relation to the verb in the clause. Here, it is the verb&#039;s trigger that determines what semantic role (agent, patient, etc.) the noun is in. The indirect case marks the agent or patient, or both, that isn&#039;t explicitly marked by the direct case. The oblique case marks a location, benefactor, instrument, or any other oblique argument that isn&#039;t explicitly marked by the direct case.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In clauses using the agent trigger, the direct case marks the agent of the verb (corresponding to the subject in the English active voice), the indirect marks the patient (direct object), while any other argument is marked by the oblique case. In the object trigger, this relationship is reversed, and the direct case marks the patient and the indirect case marks the agent. When other verb triggers are used, such as the instrumental or benefactice trigger, both agent and patient are marked by the indirect case, the focused oblique argument is marked with the direct case, and any other argument by the oblique case.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The indirect case marker is often reduced to a clitic &#039;&#039;=(a)ng&#039;&#039;, especially in spoken and informal Australian.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These case markers and their relationship are illustrated by the table below:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian case markers&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Direct&lt;br /&gt;
!Indirect&lt;br /&gt;
!Oblique&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Proper Noun&lt;br /&gt;
|sing&lt;br /&gt;
|ning&lt;br /&gt;
|king&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Common Noun&lt;br /&gt;
|i&lt;br /&gt;
|nung,&lt;br /&gt;
-(a)ng&lt;br /&gt;
|sa&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Pronouns ===&lt;br /&gt;
Pronouns inflect for case, rather than being preceeded by a case marker as with nouns. Pronouns inflect for the same direct, indirect, and oblique cases that nouns do, as well as for number and clusivity, as illustrated below:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian personal pronouns&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Direct&lt;br /&gt;
!Indirect&lt;br /&gt;
!Oblique&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!1st person singular&lt;br /&gt;
|akú,&lt;br /&gt;
ku&lt;br /&gt;
|ku&lt;br /&gt;
|nakú&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!1st person plural, inclusive&lt;br /&gt;
|kitá&lt;br /&gt;
|ta&lt;br /&gt;
|nitá,&lt;br /&gt;
natá&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!1st person plural, exclusive&lt;br /&gt;
|kamí&lt;br /&gt;
|mi&lt;br /&gt;
|namí&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!2nd person singular&lt;br /&gt;
|angká(w),&lt;br /&gt;
ka(w)&lt;br /&gt;
|yu&lt;br /&gt;
|nayú,&lt;br /&gt;
nu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!2nd person plural&lt;br /&gt;
|kamú&lt;br /&gt;
|mu&lt;br /&gt;
|nyamú&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3rd person singular&lt;br /&gt;
|ya&lt;br /&gt;
|ngya&lt;br /&gt;
|nya&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3rd person plural&lt;br /&gt;
|siyá,&lt;br /&gt;
sya&lt;br /&gt;
|diyá,&lt;br /&gt;
dya&lt;br /&gt;
|niyá,&lt;br /&gt;
nya&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
There is some variation in the use of pronouns, in particular with the 3rd person plural pronouns, which may be either &#039;&#039;siyá/diyá/niyá&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;sya/dya/nya&#039;&#039;, the latter being preferred in spoken Australian. Likewise, &#039;&#039;ku&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;ka(w)&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;natá&#039;&#039; are preferred over &#039;&#039;akú&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;angká(w)&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;nitá&#039;&#039; in the spoken language.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The indirect pronouns are also used to denote a genitive when following a head noun, e.g., &#039;&#039;ina ku&#039;&#039; (my mother).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In central dialects, the third person plural pronouns are seldom distinguished from the third person singular pronouns, with the singular form being used for both singular and plural subjects, except where required for disambiguation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other dialects, in particular southeastern dialects around Canberra, Sydney, and Tasmania, the plural forms for the second and third person forms may be replaced with &#039;&#039;sangkáw&#039;&#039; (lit. &amp;quot;all you&amp;quot;) and &#039;&#039;sayá&#039;&#039; (lit. &amp;quot;all him/her&amp;quot;). These forms do not decline for case, and so are marked with the case particles &#039;&#039;i/nung/sa&#039;&#039; when necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When used in succession, pronouns may be written as one singular word, often with their short forms, e.g., &#039;&#039;kumita angkaw ngya&#039;&#039; (you see her) yields &#039;&#039;kumita kangya&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Demonstratives ===&lt;br /&gt;
Demonstrative pronouns in Australian do not decline for case or number, and are further divided into proximal, medial, and distal. In the spoken language, medial demonstratives may be preferred over the distal demonstratives.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian demonstratives&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Proximal&lt;br /&gt;
!Medial&lt;br /&gt;
!Distal&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Neutral&lt;br /&gt;
|niyú,&lt;br /&gt;
nyu&lt;br /&gt;
|itú,&lt;br /&gt;
tu&lt;br /&gt;
|iyú,&lt;br /&gt;
yu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Locative&lt;br /&gt;
|dinyú&lt;br /&gt;
|ditú&lt;br /&gt;
|diyú,&lt;br /&gt;
dyu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Modal&lt;br /&gt;
|baginyú,&lt;br /&gt;
ginyú&lt;br /&gt;
|bagitú,&lt;br /&gt;
gitú&lt;br /&gt;
|bag(i)yú,&lt;br /&gt;
g(i)yú&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Quantitative&lt;br /&gt;
|saniyú,&lt;br /&gt;
sanyú&lt;br /&gt;
|saitú,&lt;br /&gt;
satú&lt;br /&gt;
|saiyú,&lt;br /&gt;
sayú&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
In informal Australian, the modal demonstratives &#039;&#039;ginyú&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;gitú&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;g(i)yú&#039;&#039; are preferred over &#039;&#039;baginyú&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;bagitú&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;bag(i)yú&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Verbs ==&lt;br /&gt;
Australian verbs are inflected under the following circumstances:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Seven focus triggers&#039;&#039;&#039; (three agent focus triggers, two patient focus triggers, and two instrumental/benefactive focus triggers)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Two aspects&#039;&#039;&#039; (perfective and imperfective)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Transitivity&#039;&#039;&#039; (transitive and intransitive, though, in informal speech this is optional)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Two moods&#039;&#039;&#039; (realis and imperative)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the following chart for verbal morphology, the following conventions are used:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;CV~&#039;&#039; stands for reduplication of the first syllable of a root word; that is, the first consonant (if any) and the first vowel of the word&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039; stands for nasal consonant, which are &#039;&#039;m, n,&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039; precedes &#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; precedes &#039;&#039;d, t, s, sy, j&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039; precedes &#039;&#039;g, k, y, w&#039;&#039; and vowels&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039; is omitted before &#039;&#039;m, n, ng, l&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ∅ means that the verb root is used, therefore no affixes are added&lt;br /&gt;
* Punctuation marks indicate the type of affix a particular bound morpheme is:&lt;br /&gt;
** Hyphens mark prefixes if placed after the morpheme (e.g., &#039;&#039;mar-&#039;&#039;), or suffixes if placed before it (e.g., &#039;&#039;-ken&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
** ⟨⟩ marks infixes, which is typically placed before the first vowel of the word, and after the first consonant if there is any. Thus, the word &amp;quot;kumerít&amp;quot; (k⟨um⟩erít) is composed of the root word &#039;&#039;kerit&#039;&#039; and the infix &#039;&#039;⟨um⟩&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** ~ is used to separate the reduplicated morpheme (CV), from the root word, such that &amp;quot;&#039;&#039;kekerít&#039;&#039;&amp;quot; is written as (&#039;&#039;ke-kerít&#039;&#039;) and &amp;quot;&#039;&#039;kumekerít&#039;&#039;&amp;quot; as (&#039;&#039;k⟨um⟩e~kerít&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian verbal conjugation&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Perfective&lt;br /&gt;
!Imperfective&lt;br /&gt;
!Infinitive&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Agent trigger I&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨um⟩V~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Agent trigger II&lt;br /&gt;
|nar-&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;narkerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|nar-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;narkekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|mar-&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;markerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Agent trigger III&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨um⟩V~...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumekerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Object trigger I&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨in⟩V~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Object trigger II&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨in⟩V~...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinekerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Instrumental/Benefactor trigger I&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨is⟩V~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kisekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Instrumental/Benefactor trigger II&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨is⟩V~...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kisekerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The transitive marker &#039;&#039;-ken&#039;&#039; has two allomorphs, &#039;&#039;-en&#039;&#039; when following &#039;&#039;g, k,&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039; (e.g., &#039;&#039;umuháng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;study&amp;quot; and &#039;&#039;bumenúk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;shape&amp;quot; yield &#039;&#039;umuhángen&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;bumenúken&#039;&#039;) and &#039;&#039;-gen&#039;&#039; when following &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; (e.g., &#039;&#039;sáyan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;clothes&amp;quot; yields &#039;&#039;sáyangen&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to clothe&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The imperative is marked with the suffix &#039;&#039;-(y)a&#039;&#039;, e.g., &#039;&#039;káci&#039;&#039; (to leave) becomes &#039;&#039;káciya&#039;&#039; in the imperative. In southeastern dialects around Canberra and Sydney, the suffix &#039;&#039;-la&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;-le&#039;&#039; is more productive among younger speakers, whence &#039;&#039;kácila, kácile&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Verbs in Australian may also take abilitative, reflexive, reciprocal, and causative forms through the use of prefixes. In these forms, the transitive suffix &#039;&#039;-ken&#039;&#039; is typically omitted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;maka-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to create abilitative verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;makakitá&#039;&#039; (can see)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;angkán&#039;&#039; (eat) → &#039;&#039;makakán&#039;&#039; (can eat)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;eyâ&#039;&#039; (sadness) → &#039;&#039;makàeyâ&#039;&#039; (can be sad)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;sirâ&#039;&#039; (light) → &#039;&#039;makasirâ&#039;&#039; (can be light)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the perfective and imperfective, &#039;&#039;maka-&#039;&#039; is realized as &#039;&#039;naka-&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;nakaka-&#039;&#039; respectively, hence &#039;&#039;nakáeyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;could be sad&amp;quot; and &#039;&#039;nakakàeyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;is able to be sad&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;par-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to create reflexive verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;parkitá&#039;&#039; (see oneself)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;bunû&#039;&#039; (kill) → &#039;&#039;parbunû&#039;&#039; (kill oneself, commit suicide)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;congyáng&#039;&#039; (bath) → &#039;&#039;parcongyáng&#039;&#039; (bathe oneself)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;suhúng&#039;&#039; (help) → &#039;&#039;parsuhúng&#039;&#039; (help oneself)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This infinitive form is also used for the perfective. To form the imperfective, the first syllable of the root word is reduplicated, hence &#039;&#039;parsuhúng&#039;&#039; (helped oneself) yields &#039;&#039;parsusuhúng&#039;&#039; (helping oneself).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;pari-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to form reciprocal verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;parikitá&#039;&#039; (see each other)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;bunû&#039;&#039; (kill) → &#039;&#039;paribunû&#039;&#039; (kill each other)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;congyáng&#039;&#039; (bath) → &#039;&#039;paricongyáng&#039;&#039; (bathe each other)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;suhúng&#039;&#039; (help) → &#039;&#039;parisuhúng&#039;&#039; (help each other)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like with &#039;&#039;par-&#039;&#039;, this infinitive form is also used for the perfective. To form the imperfective, the first syllable of the root word is reduplicated, hence &#039;&#039;parisuhúng&#039;&#039; (helped each other) yields &#039;&#039;parisusuhúng&#039;&#039; (helping each other).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;paka-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to create abilitative verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;pakakitá&#039;&#039; (show)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;angkán&#039;&#039; (eat) → &#039;&#039;pakakán&#039;&#039; (feed)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;eyâ&#039;&#039; (sadness) → &#039;&#039;pakàeyâ&#039;&#039; (sadden)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;sirâ&#039;&#039; (light) → &#039;&#039;pakasirâ&#039;&#039; (lighten, illuminate)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like with &#039;&#039;par-&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;pari-&#039;&#039;, this infinitive form is also used for the perfective. To form the imperfective, the first syllable of the root word is reduplicated, hence &#039;&#039;pakáeyâ&#039;&#039; (sadden) yields &#039;&#039;pakakàeyâ&#039;&#039; (saddening).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefixes &#039;&#039;&#039;da-&#039;&#039;&#039; (un-) and &#039;&#039;&#039;wa-&#039;&#039;&#039; (re-) are treated as the first syllable of a root when inflected for voice infixes and aspect, hence &#039;&#039;dajahát&#039;&#039; (undo) with the first object trigger yields the perfective and imperfective forms &#039;&#039;dinajahát&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;dinadajahát&#039;&#039;, respectively. Likewise, &#039;&#039;wabiháng&#039;&#039; (recount) yields &#039;&#039;winabiháng&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;winawabiháng&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Auxiliary verbs and particles ===&lt;br /&gt;
Outside of the obligatory verbal inflection through derivational morphology, Australian also uses a handful of auxiliary verbs and particles to modify the meaning of a head verb for factors such as tense, aspect, mood, and other factors. These are divided into particles, which are placed immediately after a head verb, and auxiliary verbs, which precede the head verb and are typically mediated by a subject.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Particle or Auxiliary&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of root verb&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of derived phrase&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |Particle&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jangan&#039;&#039; (prohibative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;linikut&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;leave behind&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jangan linikit ku&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;don&#039;t leave me behind.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;huya&#039;&#039; (hortative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;umuní&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;huya umuní&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;lets sing!&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;na&#039;&#039; (past tense)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;matáy&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;die&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;matáy na siya&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;they died.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;keng&#039;&#039; (future tense, comitative mood)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sumakít&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sick&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sumakít keng angkaw&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you will get sick.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji&#039;&#039; (negative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;masenáng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;happy&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji masenáng aku&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I&#039;m not happy.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jas&#039;&#039; (just, only)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;syumúngen&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;think about&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;syumusyúngen jas kungya&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I&#039;m only/just thinking about it.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ba&#039;&#039; (interrogative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yuwú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hungry&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yuwú ba ka?&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;are you hungry?&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; |Auxiliary&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;iwér/yarép&#039;&#039; (want)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;káci&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;leave&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;iwér kung kumáci/yarép kung káci&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I want to leave.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kuháng&#039;&#039; (need)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;angkán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;eat&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kuháng kang kumán apá-apá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you need to eat something.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yapá&#039;&#039; (should)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;see&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji yapá kang kitá niyú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you shouldn&#039;t see this.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sayém&#039;&#039; (know)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jahát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;do&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sayém yang jinahát dyu&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;he knows how to do that.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;daténg&#039;&#039; (habitual, lit. &amp;quot;come&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;wérk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;work&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;daténg yang wumewérk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;she&#039;s been working, she&#039;s often working.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ruyî&#039;&#039; (may, can)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;marsyát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;smoke&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji ruyî kang marsyát dinyú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you may not smoke here.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ayíri&#039;&#039; (keep, stay)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yarép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;want&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ayíri keng kung yarép yu&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I will keep wanting you.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kirá&#039;&#039; (think, guess)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pakasawá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;funny&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kirá kung pakasawá ya&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I think it&#039;s funny.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Adjectives ==&lt;br /&gt;
In Australian, adjectives typically operate as stative verbs. They may stand alone in a verb phrase (e.g., &#039;&#039;pakasawà yu&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you are funny&amp;quot;) or they may modify a head noun when used with the relativizing clitic &#039;&#039;=(a)ng&#039;&#039; (e.g., &#039;&#039;lakíjang pakasawà&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;a funny man&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To form superlatives, the adverb &#039;&#039;sawíng&#039;&#039; (most) is used before the adjective, hence:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Sawíng masamán angkaw&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you are the prettiest&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Báyjang sawíng masamán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;the prettiest woman&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, to form comparatives, the adverb &#039;&#039;lewíng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;more&amp;quot; is used. Comparative verb phrases are formed using a locative construction, involving &#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Lewíng maráya itúng lakíja (sa nyamú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;that man is bigger (than you)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Lakíjang lewíng maráya (sa nyamú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;a man that is bigger (than you)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In equational phrases, the prefix &#039;&#039;sa-&#039;&#039; is used before the adjective. Equational verb phrases are also formed using a locative construction with &#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Samajahát (sa nakú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;as bad (as I am)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Sâi-sâing samajahát (sa nakú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;someone who is as bad (as I am)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Australian language]][[Category:Linguistics]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Languages&amp;diff=1189</id>
		<title>Category:Languages</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Languages&amp;diff=1189"/>
		<updated>2026-01-19T11:02:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: Created page with &amp;quot;Category:Linguistics&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Linguistics]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australian_grammar&amp;diff=1188</id>
		<title>Australian grammar</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Australian_grammar&amp;diff=1188"/>
		<updated>2026-01-19T10:52:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: /* Auxiliary verbs and particles */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Australian Grammar&#039;&#039;&#039; (Australian: &#039;&#039;satarbasang astrelya&#039;&#039;) is the body of rules that describe the structure of expressions in the [[Australian language]], one of the official languages in Australia. In Australian, there are four basic parts of speech: nouns (including pronouns), verbs, adjectives, and grammatical function words (or particles). Nouns and verbs may be basic roots, but frequently they are derived from other words by means of prefixes and suffixes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For clarity, stressed syllables are marked with an acute ⟨á⟩, stressed syllables ending in a glottal stop with a circumflex ⟨â⟩, and unstressed syllables ending in a glottal stop with a grave ⟨à⟩, as these distinctions are phonemic in Australian phonology, though not in its orthography.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Word order ==&lt;br /&gt;
Australian has a strict verb-initial word order, wherein the order of other arguments is optional and may be rearranged for different pragmatic purposes.&lt;br /&gt;
 &#039;&#039;&#039;B⟨in⟩acâ=ngya kerítan&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 ⟨&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;PAT&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;FOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.⟩read=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;IDR&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; book&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;quot;She reads a book&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
In Australian, there is also a strong tendency to promote the focus argument, in this case the patient &#039;&#039;keritan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;book&amp;quot; to front of an utterance, occurring directly after a verb, however this is not mandatory.&lt;br /&gt;
 &#039;&#039;&#039;B⟨in⟩acâ kerítan ngya&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 ⟨&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;PAT&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;FOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.⟩read book &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;IDR&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;quot;She reads a book.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &#039;&#039;&#039;L⟨um⟩uwás na=kú yengán=nya sa kebeyîan nyu=ng yahéyu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 ⟨&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;AGE&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;FOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;⟩go &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;PERF&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;DIR&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; with=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;SG&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;LOC&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; market this=&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;RELZ&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; day&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;quot;I went to the market with her today.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Ultimately, the order of arguments is optional and at the discretion of the speaker, as long as the verb phrase remains the first argument.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In nominal phrases consisting of a head noun and a modifier, the order of the two may be flexible, as they remain tied with the relativizing clitic &#039;&#039;-(a)ng&#039;&#039;. Thus, the phrase &amp;quot;in the house&amp;quot; may be either &#039;&#039;da syan-g rumâ&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;da rumá-ng syan&#039;&#039;, the order being at the discretion of the speaker and primarily dependent on pragmatic factors such as emphasis or avoiding redundancy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Word formation ==&lt;br /&gt;
Australian is an agglutinating language wherein words may be formed through either affixation to a root word, composition of two root words, or reduplication of a root word.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Affixation ===&lt;br /&gt;
Root words are either nouns or verbs, which may be affixed to form new words, e.g., &#039;&#039;angsyún&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[1]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; (thought) may yield &#039;&#039;marsyún&#039;&#039; (thinks, as a verb), &#039;&#039;mampasyúsyunan&#039;&#039; (thinking), &#039;&#039;kasyúnan&#039;&#039; (philosophy), etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Australian uses four types of affixes: prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and circumfixes. The table below illustrates some of the most common of each type of affix:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Summary table of Australian affixation&lt;br /&gt;
!Type of Affix&lt;br /&gt;
!Affix&lt;br /&gt;
!Affix meaning&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of root word&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of derived word&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Prefix&lt;br /&gt;
|ang-&lt;br /&gt;
|euphonic&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;syún&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;think&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ang-syún&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;thought&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|da-&lt;br /&gt;
|un-, in-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jahát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;do&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;da-jahát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;undo&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ma-&lt;br /&gt;
|adjectivizer&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yitém&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;black (n.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ma-yitém&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;black&amp;quot; (adj.)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|maka-&lt;br /&gt;
|ablitative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;eyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sadness&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;makà-eyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;can be sad&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|maN-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
|agent noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;burú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hunt&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mam-buburú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hunter&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|mampa-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ují&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;examine (v.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mampà-ù-ují&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;examination&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|paN-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yamán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;flavor&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pang-ya-yamán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;seasoning&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|paka-&lt;br /&gt;
|causative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;senáng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;happiness&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;paka-senáng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;pleasing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|par-&lt;br /&gt;
|reflexive&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;see&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;par-kitá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;see oneself&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|pari-&lt;br /&gt;
|reciprocal&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kep&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hug&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pari-kép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hug each other&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|sa-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;quot;whole&amp;quot;, equational, quantitative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;karísan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;picture&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sa-karísan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;whole picture&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|wa-&lt;br /&gt;
|re-, again&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;biháng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;count&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;wa-biháng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;recount&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Infix&lt;br /&gt;
| -eng-&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sujúk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;show (v.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;s-eng-ujúk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;pointer finger&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -in-&lt;br /&gt;
|patient focus&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yamít&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;kiss&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;y-in-amít&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;kissed&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -is-&lt;br /&gt;
|instrument/&lt;br /&gt;
benefactive focus&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yarép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;want&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;y-is-arép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;wanted for/because of&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -um-&lt;br /&gt;
|agent focus&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;lakát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;go&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;l-um-akát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;go&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Suffix&lt;br /&gt;
| -(y)a&lt;br /&gt;
|imperative&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kancíng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;clean&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kancíng-a&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;clean! (imp.)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -an&lt;br /&gt;
|object, locational noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;suyúr&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sleep&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;suyúran&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;bed&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -ken&lt;br /&gt;
|transitivizer, applicative, benefactive&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;beráy&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;give&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;beráy-ken&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;give unto&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -(a)li&lt;br /&gt;
|diminutive&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;egéwan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;cloth&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;egéwan-ali&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;napkin&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Circumfix&lt;br /&gt;
|ing- -an&lt;br /&gt;
|patient noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;eat&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ing-kán-an&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;food&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ka- -an&lt;br /&gt;
|qualitative, abstract, collective, or likeness noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;awák&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;create&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kà-awák-an&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;creation&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|mampa-CV~ -an&lt;br /&gt;
|abstract, instrument noun&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sawúng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;gather&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;mampa-sa-sawùng-an&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;gathering&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to native affixes, Australian may also use some from English, due to the multilingual nature of its speech community, such as &#039;&#039;anti-&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;pro-&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;-iste&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;-oleji&#039;&#039;, for example.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Reduplication ===&lt;br /&gt;
Reduplication is highly productive in Australian, and is divided into two subtypes: full and partial reduplication.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Full reduplication is the most productive pluralizing morphology, wherein an entire root is reduplicated, eg., &#039;&#039;jahán&#039;&#039; (place) yields &#039;&#039;jahán-jahán&#039;&#039; (places.) Full reduplication may also be used with roots to denote a plural-adjacent meaning, in particular this is productive with temporal and spatial roots, e.g., &#039;&#039;yahéyu&#039;&#039; (day) yields &#039;&#039;yahéyu-yahéyu&#039;&#039; (daily, every day), &#039;&#039;kapán&#039;&#039; (when) yields &#039;&#039;kapán-kapán&#039;&#039; (whenever, at any time). Likewise, the earlier &#039;&#039;jahán-jahán&#039;&#039; may mean either &amp;quot;places&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;any place, anywhere&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Partial reduplication involves repition of only part of a root. typically the first syllable, and is most productive in conjunction with a preceding prefix. In particular, it is the most productive formation of the imperfective form of verbs, e.g., &#039;&#039;suwû&#039;&#039; (to grow) yields &#039;&#039;su-suwû&#039;&#039; (to be growing). Partial reduplication is also present when used in conjunction with some aforementioned derivational affixes, e.g., &#039;&#039;sawá&#039;&#039; (laugh) when combined with the circumfix &#039;&#039;mampa- -an&#039;&#039; yields &#039;&#039;mampa-sa-sawâ-an&#039;&#039; (laughter).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Compounding ===&lt;br /&gt;
Compounding is perhaps the least productive strategy for new word formation, and typically results from reanalyzing two separate words as one. Compounding is typically head-initial, and may require the relativizing affix &#039;&#039;-(a)ng&#039;&#039; between the two roots, e.g., &#039;&#039;mabúwek&#039;&#039; (hairy) and &#039;&#039;lawâ&#039;&#039; (spider) together yield &#039;&#039;mabúwek&#039;&#039;&#039;ang&#039;&#039;&#039;lawà&#039;&#039; (tarantula). However, this may not always apply, as in other roots this affix is absent, such as in &#039;&#039;satarbasa&#039;&#039; (grammar, from &#039;&#039;satar&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;rule&amp;quot; and &#039;&#039;basa&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;language&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Nouns ==&lt;br /&gt;
Common derivational affixes for nouns include &#039;&#039;maN-&#039;&#039; (denoting an agent characterized by the root), &#039;&#039;mampa-( -an)&#039;&#039; (denoting an instrument, instance of a root occurring, or the process of the root), &#039;&#039;-an&#039;&#039; (denoting object, place, likeness, or a state resulting from the root), &#039;&#039;ka- -an&#039;&#039; (qualities, abstractions, collectives, or likeness), and &#039;&#039;ing- -an&#039;&#039; (denoting a patient or state characterized by the root).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nouns in Australian do not typically inflected for gender, case, or number, however, reduplication may be used at time to explicitly denote a plural, chiefly in the written language.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nouns are, however, preceded by case-marking particles. These follow a symmetrical voice, and are divided into three categories: direct (&#039;&#039;i/sing&#039;&#039;), indirect (&#039;&#039;nung/ning&#039;&#039;), and oblique (&#039;&#039;sa/king&#039;&#039;). Proper nouns, such as the names of people and places, take the particles &#039;&#039;sing/ning/king&#039;&#039;, whereas all other nouns take the particles &#039;&#039;i/nung/sa&#039;&#039;. In some dialects, particularly in and around Canberra and in the northern end of the dialect continuum, this is reanalyzed as a human-nonhuman animacy system, wherein &#039;&#039;sing/ning/king&#039;&#039; is used for all human nouns and &#039;&#039;i/nung/sa&#039;&#039; is used for all nonhuman nouns. For clarity and brevity, this article will focus on the traditional distinction, rather than the more innovative human-nonhuman animacy distinction. Furthermore, in most dialects, the direct case marker &#039;&#039;i/sing&#039;&#039; is omitted in both spoken and written Australian. Its use is maintained in highly formal Australian, or they may be used sporadically at times by speakers to emphasize or clarify the direct argument, or for euphonic purposes, such as to prevent a cluster, especially in poetry and song.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Australian, the direct case marks the noun which has a special relation to the verb in the clause. Here, it is the verb&#039;s trigger that determines what semantic role (agent, patient, etc.) the noun is in. The indirect case marks the agent or patient, or both, that isn&#039;t explicitly marked by the direct case. The oblique case marks a location, benefactor, instrument, or any other oblique argument that isn&#039;t explicitly marked by the direct case.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In clauses using the agent trigger, the direct case marks the agent of the verb (corresponding to the subject in the English active voice), the indirect marks the patient (direct object), while any other argument is marked by the oblique case. In the object trigger, this relationship is reversed, and the direct case marks the patient and the indirect case marks the agent. When other verb triggers are used, such as the instrumental or benefactice trigger, both agent and patient are marked by the indirect case, the focused oblique argument is marked with the direct case, and any other argument by the oblique case.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The indirect case marker is often reduced to a clitic &#039;&#039;=(a)ng&#039;&#039;, especially in spoken and informal Australian.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These case markers and their relationship are illustrated by the table below:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian case markers&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Direct&lt;br /&gt;
!Indirect&lt;br /&gt;
!Oblique&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Proper Noun&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|sing&lt;br /&gt;
|ning&lt;br /&gt;
|king&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Common Noun&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|i&lt;br /&gt;
|nung,&lt;br /&gt;
-(a)ng&lt;br /&gt;
|sa&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Pronouns ===&lt;br /&gt;
Pronouns inflect for case, rather than being preceeded by a case marker as with nouns. Pronouns inflect for the same direct, indirect, and oblique cases that nouns do, as well as for number and clusivity, as illustrated below:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian personal pronouns&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Direct&lt;br /&gt;
!Indirect&lt;br /&gt;
!Oblique&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1st person singular&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|akú,&lt;br /&gt;
ku&lt;br /&gt;
|ku&lt;br /&gt;
|nakú&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1st person plural, inclusive&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|kitá&lt;br /&gt;
|ta&lt;br /&gt;
|nitá,&lt;br /&gt;
natá&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1st person plural, exclusive&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|kamí&lt;br /&gt;
|mi&lt;br /&gt;
|namí&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;2nd person singular&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|angká(w),&lt;br /&gt;
ka(w)&lt;br /&gt;
|yu&lt;br /&gt;
|nayú,&lt;br /&gt;
nu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;2nd person plural&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|kamú&lt;br /&gt;
|mu&lt;br /&gt;
|nyamú&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;3rd person singular&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|ya&lt;br /&gt;
|ngya&lt;br /&gt;
|nya&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;3rd person plural&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|siyá,&lt;br /&gt;
sya&lt;br /&gt;
|diyá,&lt;br /&gt;
dya&lt;br /&gt;
|niyá,&lt;br /&gt;
nya&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
There is some variation in the use of pronouns, in particular with the 3rd person plural pronouns, which may be either &#039;&#039;siyá/diyá/niyá&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;sya/dya/nya&#039;&#039;, the latter being preferred in spoken Australian. Likewise, &#039;&#039;ku&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;ka(w)&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;natá&#039;&#039; are preferred over &#039;&#039;akú&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;angká(w)&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;nitá&#039;&#039; in the spoken language.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The indirect pronouns are also used to denote a genitive when following a head noun, e.g., &#039;&#039;ina ku&#039;&#039; (my mother).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In central dialects, the third person plural pronouns are seldom distinguished from the third person singular pronouns, with the singular form being used for both singular and plural subjects, except where required for disambiguation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other dialects, in particular southeastern dialects around Canberra, Sydney, and Tasmania, the plural forms for the second and third person forms may be replaced with &#039;&#039;sangkáw&#039;&#039; (lit. &amp;quot;all you&amp;quot;) and &#039;&#039;sayá&#039;&#039; (lit. &amp;quot;all him/her&amp;quot;). These forms do not decline for case, and so are marked with the case particles &#039;&#039;i/nung/sa&#039;&#039; when necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When used in succession, pronouns may be written as one singular word, often with their short forms, e.g., &#039;&#039;kumita angkaw ngya&#039;&#039; (you see her) yields &#039;&#039;kumita kangya&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Demonstratives ===&lt;br /&gt;
Demonstrative pronouns in Australian do not decline for case or number, and are further divided into proximal, medial, and distal. In the spoken language, medial demonstratives may be preferred over the distal demonstratives.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian demonstratives&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Proximal&lt;br /&gt;
!Medial&lt;br /&gt;
!Distal&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Neutral&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|niyú,&lt;br /&gt;
nyu&lt;br /&gt;
|itú,&lt;br /&gt;
tu&lt;br /&gt;
|iyú,&lt;br /&gt;
yu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Locative&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|dinyú&lt;br /&gt;
|ditú&lt;br /&gt;
|diyú,&lt;br /&gt;
dyu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Modal&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|baginyú,&lt;br /&gt;
ginyú&lt;br /&gt;
|bagitú,&lt;br /&gt;
gitú&lt;br /&gt;
|bag(i)yú,&lt;br /&gt;
g(i)yú&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Quantitative&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|saniyú,&lt;br /&gt;
sanyú&lt;br /&gt;
|saitú,&lt;br /&gt;
satú&lt;br /&gt;
|saiyú,&lt;br /&gt;
sayú&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
In informal Australian, the modal demonstratives &#039;&#039;ginyú&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;gitú&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;g(i)yú&#039;&#039; are preferred over &#039;&#039;baginyú&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;bagitú&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;bag(i)yú&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Verbs ==&lt;br /&gt;
Australian verbs are inflected under the following circumstances:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Seven focus triggers&#039;&#039;&#039; (three agent focus triggers, two patient focus triggers, and two instrumental/benefactive focus triggers)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Two aspects&#039;&#039;&#039; (perfective and imperfective)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Transitivity&#039;&#039;&#039; (transitive and intransitive, though, in informal speech this is optional)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Two moods&#039;&#039;&#039; (realis and imperative)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the following chart for verbal morphology, the following conventions are used:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;CV~&#039;&#039; stands for reduplication of the first syllable of a root word; that is, the first consonant (if any) and the first vowel of the word&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039; stands for nasal consonant, which are &#039;&#039;m, n,&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039; precedes &#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; precedes &#039;&#039;d, t, s, sy, j&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039; precedes &#039;&#039;g, k, y, w&#039;&#039; and vowels&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039; is omitted before &#039;&#039;m, n, ng, l&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ∅ means that the verb root is used, therefore no affixes are added&lt;br /&gt;
* Punctuation marks indicate the type of affix a particular bound morpheme is:&lt;br /&gt;
** Hyphens mark prefixes if placed after the morpheme (e.g., &#039;&#039;mar-&#039;&#039;), or suffixes if placed before it (e.g., &#039;&#039;-ken&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
** ⟨⟩ marks infixes, which is typically placed before the first vowel of the word, and after the first consonant if there is any. Thus, the word &amp;quot;kumerít&amp;quot; (k⟨um⟩erít) is composed of the root word &#039;&#039;kerit&#039;&#039; and the infix &#039;&#039;⟨um⟩&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
** ~ is used to separate the reduplicated morpheme (CV), from the root word, such that &amp;quot;&#039;&#039;kekerít&#039;&#039;&amp;quot; is written as (&#039;&#039;ke-kerít&#039;&#039;) and &amp;quot;&#039;&#039;kumekerít&#039;&#039;&amp;quot; as (&#039;&#039;k⟨um⟩e~kerít&#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+Australian verbal conjugation&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Perfective&lt;br /&gt;
!Imperfective&lt;br /&gt;
!Infinitive&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Agent trigger I&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨um⟩V~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Agent trigger II&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|nar-&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;narkerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|nar-CV~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;narkekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|mar-&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;markerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Agent trigger III&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨um⟩V~...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumekerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨um⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kumerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Object trigger I&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨in⟩V~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Object trigger II&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨in⟩V~...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinekerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨in⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kinerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Instrumental/Benefactor trigger I&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨is⟩V~&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kisekerít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserít&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Instrumental/Benefactor trigger II&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|C⟨is⟩V~...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kisekerítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|⟨is⟩...-ken&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;kiserítken&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The transitive marker &#039;&#039;-ken&#039;&#039; has two allomorphs, &#039;&#039;-en&#039;&#039; when following &#039;&#039;g, k,&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;ng&#039;&#039; (e.g., &#039;&#039;umuháng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;study&amp;quot; and &#039;&#039;bumenúk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;shape&amp;quot; yield &#039;&#039;umuhángen&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;bumenúken&#039;&#039;) and &#039;&#039;-gen&#039;&#039; when following &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; (e.g., &#039;&#039;sáyan&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;clothes&amp;quot; yields &#039;&#039;sáyangen&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to clothe&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The imperative is marked with the suffix &#039;&#039;-(y)a&#039;&#039;, e.g., &#039;&#039;káci&#039;&#039; (to leave) becomes &#039;&#039;káciya&#039;&#039; in the imperative. In southeastern dialects around Canberra and Sydney, the suffix &#039;&#039;-la&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;-le&#039;&#039; is more productive among younger speakers, whence &#039;&#039;kácila, kácile&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Verbs in Australian may also take abilitative, reflexive, reciprocal, and causative forms through the use of prefixes. In these forms, the transitive suffix &#039;&#039;-ken&#039;&#039; is typically omitted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;maka-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to create abilitative verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;makakitá&#039;&#039; (can see)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;angkán&#039;&#039; (eat) → &#039;&#039;makakán&#039;&#039; (can eat)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;eyâ&#039;&#039; (sadness) → &#039;&#039;makàeyâ&#039;&#039; (can be sad)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;sirâ&#039;&#039; (light) → &#039;&#039;makasirâ&#039;&#039; (can be light)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the perfective and imperfective, &#039;&#039;maka-&#039;&#039; is realized as &#039;&#039;naka-&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;nakaka-&#039;&#039; respectively, hence &#039;&#039;nakáeyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;could be sad&amp;quot; and &#039;&#039;nakakàeyâ&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;is able to be sad&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;par-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to create reflexive verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;parkitá&#039;&#039; (see oneself)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;bunû&#039;&#039; (kill) → &#039;&#039;parbunû&#039;&#039; (kill oneself, commit suicide)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;congyáng&#039;&#039; (bath) → &#039;&#039;parcongyáng&#039;&#039; (bathe oneself)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;suhúng&#039;&#039; (help) → &#039;&#039;parsuhúng&#039;&#039; (help oneself)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This infinitive form is also used for the perfective. To form the imperfective, the first syllable of the root word is reduplicated, hence &#039;&#039;parsuhúng&#039;&#039; (helped oneself) yields &#039;&#039;parsusuhúng&#039;&#039; (helping oneself).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;pari-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to form reciprocal verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;parikitá&#039;&#039; (see each other)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;bunû&#039;&#039; (kill) → &#039;&#039;paribunû&#039;&#039; (kill each other)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;congyáng&#039;&#039; (bath) → &#039;&#039;paricongyáng&#039;&#039; (bathe each other)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;suhúng&#039;&#039; (help) → &#039;&#039;parisuhúng&#039;&#039; (help each other)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like with &#039;&#039;par-&#039;&#039;, this infinitive form is also used for the perfective. To form the imperfective, the first syllable of the root word is reduplicated, hence &#039;&#039;parisuhúng&#039;&#039; (helped each other) yields &#039;&#039;parisusuhúng&#039;&#039; (helping each other).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;paka-&#039;&#039;&#039; is used to create abilitative verbs, e.g.,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; (see) → &#039;&#039;pakakitá&#039;&#039; (show)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;angkán&#039;&#039; (eat) → &#039;&#039;pakakán&#039;&#039; (feed)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;eyâ&#039;&#039; (sadness) → &#039;&#039;pakàeyâ&#039;&#039; (sadden)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;sirâ&#039;&#039; (light) → &#039;&#039;pakasirâ&#039;&#039; (lighten, illuminate)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like with &#039;&#039;par-&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;pari-&#039;&#039;, this infinitive form is also used for the perfective. To form the imperfective, the first syllable of the root word is reduplicated, hence &#039;&#039;pakáeyâ&#039;&#039; (sadden) yields &#039;&#039;pakakàeyâ&#039;&#039; (saddening).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prefixes &#039;&#039;&#039;da-&#039;&#039;&#039; (un-) and &#039;&#039;&#039;wa-&#039;&#039;&#039; (re-) are treated as the first syllable of a root when inflected for voice infixes and aspect, hence &#039;&#039;dajahát&#039;&#039; (undo) with the first object trigger yields the perfective and imperfective forms &#039;&#039;dinajahát&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;dinadajahát&#039;&#039;, respectively. Likewise, &#039;&#039;wabiháng&#039;&#039; (recount) yields &#039;&#039;winabiháng&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;winawabiháng&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Auxiliary verbs and particles ===&lt;br /&gt;
Outside of the obligatory verbal inflection through derivational morphology, Australian also uses a handful of auxiliary verbs and particles to modify the meaning of a head verb for factors such as tense, aspect, mood, and other factors. These are divided into particles, which are placed immediately after a head verb, and auxiliary verbs, which precede the head verb and are typically mediated by a subject.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=2|Particle or Auxiliary&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of root verb&lt;br /&gt;
!Example of derived phrase&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=7|&#039;&#039;&#039;Particle&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jangan&#039;&#039; (prohibative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;linikut&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;leave behind&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jangan linikit ku&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;don&#039;t leave me behind.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;huya&#039;&#039; (hortative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;umuní&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;huya umuní&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;lets sing!&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;na&#039;&#039; (past tense)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;matáy&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;die&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;matáy na siya&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;they died.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;keng&#039;&#039; (future tense, comitative mood)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sumakít&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;sick&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sumakít keng angkaw&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you will get sick.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji&#039;&#039; (negative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;masenáng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;happy&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji masenáng aku&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I&#039;m not happy.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jas&#039;&#039; (just, only)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;syumúngen&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;think about&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;syumusyúngen jas kungya&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I&#039;m only/just thinking about it.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ba&#039;&#039; (interrogative)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yuwú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hungry&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yuwú ba ka?&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;are you hungry?&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=8|&#039;&#039;&#039;Auxiliary&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;iwér/yarép&#039;&#039; (want)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;káci&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;leave&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;iwér kung kumáci/yarép kung káci&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I want to leave.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kuháng&#039;&#039; (need)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;angkán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;eat&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kuháng kang kumán apá-apá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you need to eat something.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yapá&#039;&#039; (should)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kitá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;see&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji yapá kang kitá niyú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you shouldn&#039;t see this.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sayém&#039;&#039; (know)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;jahát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;do&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;sayém yang jinahát dyu&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;he knows how to do that.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;daténg&#039;&#039; (habitual, lit. &amp;quot;come&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;wérk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;work&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;daténg yang wumewérk&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;she&#039;s been working, she&#039;s often working.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ruyî&#039;&#039; (may, can)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;marsyát&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;smoke&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;haji ruyî kang marsyát dinyú&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you may not smoke here.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ayíri&#039;&#039; (keep, stay)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;yarép&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;want&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;ayíri keng kung yarép yu&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I will keep wanting you.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kirá&#039;&#039; (think, guess)&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;pakasawá&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;funny&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;kirá kung pakasawá ya&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;I think it&#039;s funny.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Adjectives ==&lt;br /&gt;
In Australian, adjectives typically operate as stative verbs. They may stand alone in a verb phrase (e.g., &#039;&#039;pakasawà yu&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you are funny&amp;quot;) or they may modify a head noun when used with the relativizing clitic &#039;&#039;=(a)ng&#039;&#039; (e.g., &#039;&#039;lakíjang pakasawà&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;a funny man&amp;quot;).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To form superlatives, the adverb &#039;&#039;sawíng&#039;&#039; (most) is used before the adjective, hence:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Sawíng masamán angkaw&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;you are the prettiest&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Báyjang sawíng masamán&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;the prettiest woman&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, to form comparatives, the adverb &#039;&#039;lewíng&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;more&amp;quot; is used. Comparative verb phrases are formed using a locative construction, involving &#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Lewíng maráya itúng lakíja (sa nyamú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;that man is bigger (than you)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Lakíjang lewíng maráya (sa nyamú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;a man that is bigger (than you)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In equational phrases, the prefix &#039;&#039;sa-&#039;&#039; is used before the adjective. Equational verb phrases are also formed using a locative construction with &#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Samajahát (sa nakú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;as bad (as I am)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Sâi-sâing samajahát (sa nakú)&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;someone who is as bad (as I am)&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:SDcat/doc&amp;diff=1157</id>
		<title>Module:SDcat/doc</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:SDcat/doc&amp;diff=1157"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:22:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{High risk}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{cascade-protected template|page=module}}&lt;br /&gt;
Module to check whether local short description matches that on Wikidata&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
setCat has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid=&lt;br /&gt;
(it defaults to the associated qid of the current article if omitted)&lt;br /&gt;
and the local short description passed as |sd=&lt;br /&gt;
It returns a category if there is an associated Wikidata entity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It returns one of the following tracking categories, as appropriate:&lt;br /&gt;
* Category:Short description matches Wikidata (case-insensitive)&lt;br /&gt;
* Category:Short description is different from Wikidata&lt;br /&gt;
* Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description&lt;br /&gt;
For testing purposes, a link prefix |lp= may be set to &amp;quot;:&amp;quot; to make the categories visible.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Usage ==&lt;br /&gt;
; From within a template&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{SDcat |sd={{{shortdescription|}}} }}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
: or&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{#invoke:SDcat |setCat |sd={{{shortdescription|}}} }}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Template:SDcat]] is a wrapper for this module.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; From another module&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;sdcat = require(&amp;quot;Module:SDcat&amp;quot;)._setCat&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;local tracking_cat = sdcat(shortdesc, itemID)&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== For testing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{#invoke:SDcat |setCat |qid={{get QID|Douglas Adams}}|sd=English author and humorist (1952–2001) |lp=&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A few examples of tests are at [[Module talk:SDcat]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;includeonly&amp;gt;{{Sandbox other||&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Short description related modules]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&amp;lt;/includeonly&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:SDcat&amp;diff=1155</id>
		<title>Module:SDcat</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:SDcat&amp;diff=1155"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:22:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;--[[&lt;br /&gt;
SDcat&lt;br /&gt;
Module to check whether local short description matches that on Wikidata&lt;br /&gt;
--]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
local p = {}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;
--[[&lt;br /&gt;
setCat has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid=&lt;br /&gt;
(it defaults to the associated qid of the current article if omitted)&lt;br /&gt;
and the local short description passed as |sd=&lt;br /&gt;
It returns a category if there is an associated Wikidata entity.&lt;br /&gt;
It returns one of the following tracking categories, as appropriate:&lt;br /&gt;
* Category:Short description matches Wikidata (case-insensitive)&lt;br /&gt;
* Category:Short description is different from Wikidata&lt;br /&gt;
* Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description&lt;br /&gt;
For testing purposes, a link prefix |lp= may be set to &amp;quot;:&amp;quot; to make the categories visible.&lt;br /&gt;
--]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-- function exported for use in other modules&lt;br /&gt;
-- (local short description, Wikidata entity-ID, link prefix)&lt;br /&gt;
p._setCat = function(sdesc, itemID, lp)&lt;br /&gt;
	if not mw.wikibase then return nil end&lt;br /&gt;
	if itemID == &amp;quot;&amp;quot; then itemID = nil end&lt;br /&gt;
	-- Wikidata description field&lt;br /&gt;
	local wdesc = (mw.wikibase.getDescription(itemID) or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;):lower()&lt;br /&gt;
	if wdesc == &amp;quot;&amp;quot; then&lt;br /&gt;
		return &amp;quot;[[&amp;quot; .. lp .. &amp;quot;Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description]]&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
	elseif wdesc == sdesc then&lt;br /&gt;
		return &amp;quot;[[&amp;quot; .. lp .. &amp;quot;Category:Short description matches Wikidata]]&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
	else&lt;br /&gt;
		return &amp;quot;[[&amp;quot; .. lp .. &amp;quot;Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]]&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-- function exported for call from #invoke&lt;br /&gt;
p.setCat = function(frame)&lt;br /&gt;
	local args&lt;br /&gt;
	if frame.args.sd then&lt;br /&gt;
		args = frame.args&lt;br /&gt;
	else&lt;br /&gt;
		args = frame:getParent().args&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	-- local short description&lt;br /&gt;
	local sdesc = mw.text.trim(args.sd or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;):lower()&lt;br /&gt;
	-- Wikidata entity-ID&lt;br /&gt;
	local itemID = mw.text.trim(args.qid or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
	-- link prefix, strip quotes&lt;br /&gt;
	local lp = mw.text.trim(args.lp or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;):gsub(&#039;&amp;quot;&#039;, &#039;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
	return p._setCat(sdesc, itemID, lp)&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
return p&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Template:SDcat/doc&amp;diff=1153</id>
		<title>Template:SDcat/doc</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Template:SDcat/doc&amp;diff=1153"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Documentation subpage}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{High risk}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{cascade-protected template}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{lua|Module:SDcat}}&lt;br /&gt;
This template is merely a wrapper for [[Module:SDcat]], which adds tracking categories to articles depending on whether their [[WP:short description|short description]] matches the associated description field on Wikidata. Complete documentation is available at [[Module:SDcat]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Usage ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{SDcat |sd={{{shortdescription|}}} }}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== For testing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{SDcat |sd=short description |qid=Wikidata entity ID |lp=link prefix (usually &amp;quot;:&amp;quot;) }}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;includeonly&amp;gt;{{sandbox other||&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Short description templates]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&amp;lt;/includeonly&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/rfd&amp;diff=1151</id>
		<title>Module:Pagetype/rfd</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/rfd&amp;diff=1151"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;-- This page contains a table of all RfD templates and their&lt;br /&gt;
-- redirects. Templates names are capitalized, and the Template: prefix is&lt;br /&gt;
-- removed. Templates are grouped with the main template first, followed by&lt;br /&gt;
-- its redirects.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
return {&lt;br /&gt;
	-- Template forms (these should be substituted so we should rarely see these)&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Redirect for discussion&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;RFD&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;RfD&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Rfd1&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Rfd-t&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Rfd&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Rfd-NPF&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Rfd-NPF/core&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	-- Module forms&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;#invoke:RfD&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;&amp;lt;includeonly&amp;gt;safesubst:&amp;lt;/includeonly&amp;gt;#invoke:RfD&amp;quot;] = true, -- The form made by substituting RfD&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/setindex&amp;diff=1149</id>
		<title>Module:Pagetype/setindex</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/setindex&amp;diff=1149"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;-- This page contains a table of all set index templates and their&lt;br /&gt;
-- redirects. Templates names are capitalized, and the Template: prefix is&lt;br /&gt;
-- removed. Templates are grouped with the main template first, followed by&lt;br /&gt;
-- its redirects.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
return {&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Set index article&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Sia&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Set index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;SIA&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Set-index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Setindex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Set-index article&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Animal common name&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Chemistry index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Chemdisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Chemistry disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Chemistry set index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Chemindex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Enzyme index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Fungus common name&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Given name&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;First name&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Forename&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Greek myth index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Lake index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Lakeindex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Locomotive index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Media set index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Media index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Molecular formula index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;MolFormDisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Molecular formula disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;MolFormIndex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Mountain index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Mountainindex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Nickname&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Painting index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Plant common name&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;River index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Road index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Roadindex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Ship index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Shipindex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Sport index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Sportindex&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Storm index&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Surname&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;Surnames&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;DisambigName&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;DisambigNm&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
		[&amp;quot;DisambigN&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/softredirect&amp;diff=1147</id>
		<title>Module:Pagetype/softredirect</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/softredirect&amp;diff=1147"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;-- This page contains a table of all soft redirect templates and their&lt;br /&gt;
-- redirects. Templates names are capitalized, and the Template: prefix is&lt;br /&gt;
-- removed. Templates are grouped with the main template first, followed by&lt;br /&gt;
-- its redirects.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
return {&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;R from category navigation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Redirect from category navigation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Category redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Cat move&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Cat red&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Cat redir&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Cat redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Category move&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Category Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Categoryredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Catr&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Catred&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Catredir&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Catredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;R from template-generated category&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Redirect from template-generated category&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portal soft redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portal Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portal redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portal Soft Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portalredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portalsoftredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;PortRed&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portred&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portsoftred&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;PSR&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Psr&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Soft portal redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Soft redirect portal&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;SPR&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Spr&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;SRP&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Srp&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Salted redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Soft redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Interwiki redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Plain soft redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Soft&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Soft link&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Soft redir&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Soft Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Softr&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Softredir&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;SoftRedirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Softredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Userrename&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikibooks redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WBOOK&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wbook&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikibook redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikibooks Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WikibooksRedirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikibooksredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikimedia Commons redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;COMM&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Comm&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Commons Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Commons redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;CommonsRedirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Commonsredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikimedia commons redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikiquote redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wq&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikisource redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikispecies redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikispecies Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WikispeciesRedirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikispeciesredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WSPEC&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wspec&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikivoyage redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wiktionary redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Moved to Wiktionary&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;RedirecttoWiktionary&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wi&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikt red&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikt redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wiktionary Redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wiktionary-redirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WiktionaryRedirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wiktionaryredirect&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wiktr&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wiktred&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wiktredir&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wtr&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wtsr&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/disambiguation&amp;diff=1145</id>
		<title>Module:Pagetype/disambiguation</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/disambiguation&amp;diff=1145"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;return require [[Module:Disambiguation/templates]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt&amp;diff=1143</id>
		<title>TimedText:MS Sam.ogg.en.srt</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt&amp;diff=1143"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1&lt;br /&gt;
00:00:00,000 --&amp;gt; 00:00:08,900&lt;br /&gt;
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog 1,234,567,890 times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2&lt;br /&gt;
00:00:09,000 --&amp;gt; 00:00:10,900&lt;br /&gt;
Soif.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Books&amp;diff=1141</id>
		<title>Category:Books</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Category:Books&amp;diff=1141"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{catdiffuse}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Wikisourcecat|Books}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Stack|{{Portal|Books}}{{Commons category}}}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cat main|Book|Outline of books}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Distinguish|Category:Wikibooks}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Category see also|Literature}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Documents]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Humanities]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Literature]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Literature by medium]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Manufactured goods]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Media formats]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Paper products]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Print media]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Publications by format]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Publishing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Written communication]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Disambiguation/templates&amp;diff=1139</id>
		<title>Module:Disambiguation/templates</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Disambiguation/templates&amp;diff=1139"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;-- This page contains a table of all disambiguation templates and their&lt;br /&gt;
-- redirects. Templates names are capitalized, and the Template: prefix is&lt;br /&gt;
-- removed. Templates are grouped with the main template first, followed by&lt;br /&gt;
-- its redirects.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
return {&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Begriffsklärung&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;DAB&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dab page&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dabpage&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dbig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disam&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disamb&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig misspelling&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig-plants&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiguation page&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Manual of Style disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Meta disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;MOS disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;MoS disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portal disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Portal disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Project disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Shortcut disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Wikipedia disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WP disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WP-disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Airport disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Airport disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Biology disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Call sign disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Callsigndis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Caselaw disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Case law disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Chinese title disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Chinese title disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;CJKVdab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig-Chinese-char-title&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiguation cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Cleanup disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Cleanup disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;CleanupDisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dab cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dab-cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Dabclean&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disamb-cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambcleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig-cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig-CU&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambig-cu&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambigcleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiguate-cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiguation-cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Geodis-cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiguation with potential&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiguation with possibilties&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Genus disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Genus disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hangul title disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hospital disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hospitaldis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Human name disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Bio-dab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hndab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;HNDIS&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;HnDis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hndis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hndisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Human name dab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Name list&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Personal name&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Personal name disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Human name disambiguation cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hndis-cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Personal name disambiguation cleanup&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Hurricane season disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Letter–number combination disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Letter-Number Combination Disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Letter-Number combination disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Letter-number combination disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Letter-NumberCombDisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Letter-NumberCombdisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Letter-NumberCombinationDisambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;LNCD&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Mathematical disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Math dab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Math disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Math-dab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Mathdab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Mathematics disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Maths disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Military unit disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Mil-unit-dis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Mil-unit-disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Music disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Music disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Number disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Numberdis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Numdab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Numdisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Opus number disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Phonetics disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Place name disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;DisambigG&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;DisambigGeo&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Disambiggeo&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Geo-dis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Geodab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Geodis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Geodisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Geographic disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Geographical disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Pnd&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Road disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Roaddis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;School disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;School disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Schooldab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Schooldis&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Species Latin name disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;LatinNameDisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Species disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;SpeciesLatinNameDisambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Station disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Station dab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Synagogue disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Taxonomy disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Template disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Template ambiguous&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Template dab&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;Template disambig&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	[&amp;quot;WoO number disambiguation&amp;quot;] = true,&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Wikitext_Parsing&amp;diff=1137</id>
		<title>Module:Wikitext Parsing</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Module:Wikitext_Parsing&amp;diff=1137"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;require(&amp;quot;strict&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--Helper functions&lt;br /&gt;
local function startswith(text, subtext)&lt;br /&gt;
	return string.sub(text, 1, #subtext) == subtext&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
local function endswith(text, subtext)&lt;br /&gt;
	return string.sub(text, -#subtext, -1) == subtext&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
local function allcases(s)&lt;br /&gt;
	return s:gsub(&amp;quot;%a&amp;quot;, function(c) &lt;br /&gt;
		return &amp;quot;[&amp;quot;..c:upper()..c:lower()..&amp;quot;]&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
	end)&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
local trimcache = {}&lt;br /&gt;
local whitespace = {[&amp;quot; &amp;quot;]=1, [&amp;quot;\n&amp;quot;]=1, [&amp;quot;\t&amp;quot;]=1, [&amp;quot;\r&amp;quot;]=1}&lt;br /&gt;
local function cheaptrim(str) --mw.text.trim is surprisingly expensive, so here&#039;s an alternative approach&lt;br /&gt;
	local quick = trimcache[str]&lt;br /&gt;
	if quick then&lt;br /&gt;
		return quick&lt;br /&gt;
	else&lt;br /&gt;
		-- local out = string.gsub(str, &amp;quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;%1&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
		local lowEnd&lt;br /&gt;
		local strlen = #str&lt;br /&gt;
		for i = 1,strlen do&lt;br /&gt;
			if not whitespace[string.sub(str, i, i)] then&lt;br /&gt;
				lowEnd = i&lt;br /&gt;
				break&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		if not lowEnd then&lt;br /&gt;
			trimcache[str] = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			return &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		for i = strlen,1,-1 do&lt;br /&gt;
			if not whitespace[string.sub(str, i, i)] then&lt;br /&gt;
				local out = string.sub(str, lowEnd, i)&lt;br /&gt;
				trimcache[str] = out&lt;br /&gt;
				return out&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--[=[ Implementation notes&lt;br /&gt;
---- NORMAL HTML TAGS ----&lt;br /&gt;
Tags are very strict on how they want to start, but loose on how they end.&lt;br /&gt;
The start must strictly follow &amp;lt;[tAgNaMe](%s|&amp;gt;) with no room for whitespace in&lt;br /&gt;
the tag&#039;s name, but may then flow as they want afterwards, making&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div\nclass\n=\n&amp;quot;\nerror\n&amp;quot;\n&amp;gt; valid&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s no sense of escaping &amp;lt; or &amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
E.g.&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;error\&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; will end at \&amp;gt; despite it being inside a quote&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;error&amp;quot;&amp;gt;error&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; will not process the larger div&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a tag has no end, it will consume all text instead of not processing&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
---- NOPROCESSING TAGS (nowiki, pre, syntaxhighlight, source, etc.) ----&lt;br /&gt;
(In most comments, &amp;lt;source&amp;gt; will not be mentioned. This is because it is the&lt;br /&gt;
deprecated version of &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
No-Processing tags have some interesting differences to the above rules.&lt;br /&gt;
For example, their syntax is a lot stricter. While an opening tag appears to&lt;br /&gt;
follow the same set of rules, A closing tag can&#039;t have any sort of extra&lt;br /&gt;
formatting period. While &amp;lt;/div a/a&amp;gt; is valid, &amp;lt;/nowiki a/a&amp;gt; isn&#039;t - only&lt;br /&gt;
newlines and spaces/tabs are allowed in closing tags.&lt;br /&gt;
Note that, even though &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt; tags cause a visual change when the ending tag has&lt;br /&gt;
extra formatting, it won&#039;t cause the no-processing effects. For some reason, the&lt;br /&gt;
format must be strict for that to apply.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Both the content inside the tag pair and the content inside each side of the&lt;br /&gt;
pair is not processed. E.g. &amp;lt;nowiki |}}&amp;gt;|}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt; would have both of the |}}&lt;br /&gt;
escaped in practice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When something in the code is referenced to as a &amp;quot;Nowiki Tag&amp;quot;, it means a tag&lt;br /&gt;
which causes wiki text to not be processed, which includes &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;,&lt;br /&gt;
and &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since we only care about these tags, we can ignore the idea of an intercepting&lt;br /&gt;
tag preventing processing, and just go straight for the first ending we can find&lt;br /&gt;
If there is no ending to find, the tag will NOT consume the rest of the text in&lt;br /&gt;
terms of processing behaviour (though &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt; will appear to have an effect).&lt;br /&gt;
Even if there is no end of the tag, the content inside the opening half will&lt;br /&gt;
still be unprocessed, meaning {{X20|&amp;lt;nowiki }}&amp;gt;}} wouldn&#039;t end at the first }}&lt;br /&gt;
despite there being no ending to the tag.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that there are some tags, like &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;, which also function like &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
which are included in this aswell. Some other tags, like &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;, have far too&lt;br /&gt;
unpredictable behaviour to be handled currently (they&#039;d have to be split and&lt;br /&gt;
processed as something seperate - its complicated, but maybe not impossible.)&lt;br /&gt;
I suspect that every tag listed in [[Special:Version]] may behave somewhat like&lt;br /&gt;
this, but that&#039;s far too many cases worth checking for rarely used tags that may&lt;br /&gt;
not even have a good reason to contain {{ or }} anyways, so we leave them alone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
---- HTML COMMENTS AND INCLUDEONLY ----&lt;br /&gt;
HTML Comments are about as basic as it could get for this&lt;br /&gt;
Start at &amp;lt;!--, end at --&amp;gt;, no extra conditions. Simple enough&lt;br /&gt;
If a comment has no end, it will eat all text instead of not being processed&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
includeonly tags function mostly like a regular nowiki tag, with the exception&lt;br /&gt;
that the tag will actually consume all future text if not given an ending as&lt;br /&gt;
opposed to simply giving up and not changing anything. Due to complications and&lt;br /&gt;
the fact that this is far less likely to be present on a page, aswell as being&lt;br /&gt;
something that may not want to be escaped, includeonly tags are ignored during&lt;br /&gt;
our processing&lt;br /&gt;
--]=]&lt;br /&gt;
local validtags = {nowiki=1, pre=1, syntaxhighlight=1, source=1, math=1}&lt;br /&gt;
--This function expects the string to start with the tag&lt;br /&gt;
local function TestForNowikiTag(text, scanPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
	local tagName = (string.match(text, &amp;quot;^&amp;lt;([^\n /&amp;gt;]+)&amp;quot;, scanPosition) or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;):lower()&lt;br /&gt;
	if not validtags[tagName] then&lt;br /&gt;
		return nil&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	local nextOpener = string.find(text, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;&amp;quot;, scanPosition+1) or -1&lt;br /&gt;
	local nextCloser = string.find(text, &amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, scanPosition+1) or -1&lt;br /&gt;
	if nextCloser &amp;gt; -1 and (nextOpener == -1 or nextCloser &amp;lt; nextOpener) then&lt;br /&gt;
		local startingTag = string.sub(text, scanPosition, nextCloser)&lt;br /&gt;
		--We have our starting tag (E.g. &#039;&amp;lt;pre style=&amp;quot;color:red&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;)&lt;br /&gt;
		--Now find our ending...&lt;br /&gt;
		if endswith(startingTag, &amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;) then --self-closing tag (we are our own ending)&lt;br /&gt;
			return {&lt;br /&gt;
				Tag = tagName,&lt;br /&gt;
				Start = startingTag,&lt;br /&gt;
				Content = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;, End = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				Length = #startingTag&lt;br /&gt;
			}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
		else&lt;br /&gt;
			local endingTagStart, endingTagEnd = string.find(text, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;/&amp;quot;..allcases(tagName)..&amp;quot;[ \t\n]*&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, scanPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
			if endingTagStart then --Regular tag formation&lt;br /&gt;
				local endingTag = string.sub(text, endingTagStart, endingTagEnd)&lt;br /&gt;
				local tagContent = string.sub(text, nextCloser+1, endingTagStart-1)&lt;br /&gt;
				return {&lt;br /&gt;
					Tag = tagName,&lt;br /&gt;
					Start = startingTag,&lt;br /&gt;
					Content = tagContent,&lt;br /&gt;
					End = endingTag,&lt;br /&gt;
					Length = #startingTag + #tagContent + #endingTag&lt;br /&gt;
				}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
			else --Content inside still needs escaping (also linter error!)&lt;br /&gt;
				return {&lt;br /&gt;
					Tag = tagName,&lt;br /&gt;
					Start = startingTag,&lt;br /&gt;
					Content = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;, End = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
					Length = #startingTag&lt;br /&gt;
				}&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	return nil&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
local function TestForComment(text, scanPosition) --Like TestForNowikiTag but for &amp;lt;!-- --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
	if string.match(text, &amp;quot;^&amp;lt;!%-%-&amp;quot;, scanPosition) then&lt;br /&gt;
		local commentEnd = string.find(text, &amp;quot;--&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, scanPosition+4, true)&lt;br /&gt;
		if commentEnd then&lt;br /&gt;
			return {&lt;br /&gt;
				Start = &amp;quot;&amp;lt;!--&amp;quot;, End = &amp;quot;--&amp;gt;&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				Content = string.sub(text, scanPosition+4, commentEnd-1),&lt;br /&gt;
				Length = commentEnd-scanPosition+3&lt;br /&gt;
			}&lt;br /&gt;
		else --Consumes all text if not given an ending&lt;br /&gt;
			return {&lt;br /&gt;
				Start = &amp;quot;&amp;lt;!--&amp;quot;, End = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				Content = string.sub(text, scanPosition+4),&lt;br /&gt;
				Length = #text-scanPosition+1&lt;br /&gt;
			}&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	return nil&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--[[ Implementation notes&lt;br /&gt;
The goal of this function is to escape all text that wouldn&#039;t be parsed if it&lt;br /&gt;
was preprocessed (see above implementation notes).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Using keepComments will keep all HTML comments instead of removing them. They&lt;br /&gt;
will still be escaped regardless to avoid processing errors&lt;br /&gt;
--]]&lt;br /&gt;
local function PrepareText(text, keepComments)&lt;br /&gt;
	local newtext = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	local scanPosition = 1&lt;br /&gt;
	while true do&lt;br /&gt;
		local NextCheck = string.find(text, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;[NnSsPpMm!]&amp;quot;, scanPosition) --Advance to the next potential tag we care about&lt;br /&gt;
		if not NextCheck then --Done&lt;br /&gt;
			newtext[#newtext+1] =  string.sub(text,scanPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
			break&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text,scanPosition,NextCheck-1)&lt;br /&gt;
		scanPosition = NextCheck&lt;br /&gt;
		local Comment = TestForComment(text, scanPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
		if Comment then&lt;br /&gt;
			if keepComments then&lt;br /&gt;
				newtext[#newtext+1] = Comment.Start .. mw.text.nowiki(Comment.Content) .. Comment.End&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
			scanPosition = scanPosition + Comment.Length&lt;br /&gt;
		else&lt;br /&gt;
			local Tag = TestForNowikiTag(text, scanPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
			if Tag then&lt;br /&gt;
				local newTagStart = &amp;quot;&amp;lt;&amp;quot; .. mw.text.nowiki(string.sub(Tag.Start,2,-2)) .. &amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
				local newTagEnd = &lt;br /&gt;
					Tag.End == &amp;quot;&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;&amp;quot; or --Respect no tag ending&lt;br /&gt;
					&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/&amp;quot; .. mw.text.nowiki(string.sub(Tag.End,3,-2)) .. &amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
				local newContent = mw.text.nowiki(Tag.Content)&lt;br /&gt;
				newtext[#newtext+1] = newTagStart .. newContent .. newTagEnd&lt;br /&gt;
				scanPosition = scanPosition + Tag.Length&lt;br /&gt;
			else --Nothing special, move on...&lt;br /&gt;
				newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text, scanPosition, scanPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
				scanPosition = scanPosition + 1&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	return table.concat(newtext, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--[=[ Implementation notes&lt;br /&gt;
This function is an alternative to Transcluder&#039;s getParameters which considers&lt;br /&gt;
the potential for a singular { or } or other odd syntax that %b doesn&#039;t like to&lt;br /&gt;
be in a parameter&#039;s value.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When handling the difference between {{ and {{{, mediawiki will attempt to match&lt;br /&gt;
as many sequences of {{{ as possible before matching a {{&lt;br /&gt;
E.g.&lt;br /&gt;
 {{{{A}}}} -&amp;gt; { {{{A}}} }&lt;br /&gt;
 {{{{{{{{Text|A}}}}}}}} -&amp;gt; {{ {{{ {{{Text|A}}} }}} }}&lt;br /&gt;
If there aren&#039;t enough triple braces on both sides, the parser will compromise&lt;br /&gt;
for a template interpretation.&lt;br /&gt;
E.g.&lt;br /&gt;
 {{{{A}} }} -&amp;gt; {{ {{ A }} }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While there are technically concerns about things such as wikilinks breaking&lt;br /&gt;
template processing (E.g. {{[[}}]]}} doesn&#039;t stop at the first }}), it shouldn&#039;t&lt;br /&gt;
be our job to process inputs perfectly when the input has garbage ({ / } isn&#039;t&lt;br /&gt;
legal in titles anyways, so if something&#039;s unmatched in a wikilink, it&#039;s&lt;br /&gt;
guaranteed GIGO)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Setting dontEscape will prevent running the input text through EET. Avoid&lt;br /&gt;
setting this to true if you don&#039;t have to set it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Returned values:&lt;br /&gt;
A table of all templates. Template data goes as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
 Text: The raw text of the template&lt;br /&gt;
 Name: The name of the template&lt;br /&gt;
 Args: A list of arguments&lt;br /&gt;
 Children: A list of immediate template children&lt;br /&gt;
--]=]&lt;br /&gt;
--Helper functions&lt;br /&gt;
local function boundlen(pair)&lt;br /&gt;
	return pair.End-pair.Start+1&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--Main function&lt;br /&gt;
local function ParseTemplates(InputText, dontEscape)&lt;br /&gt;
	--Setup&lt;br /&gt;
	if not dontEscape then&lt;br /&gt;
		InputText = PrepareText(InputText)&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	local function finalise(text)&lt;br /&gt;
		if not dontEscape then&lt;br /&gt;
			return mw.text.decode(text)&lt;br /&gt;
		else&lt;br /&gt;
			return text&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	local function CreateContainerObj(Container)&lt;br /&gt;
		Container.Text = {}&lt;br /&gt;
		Container.Args = {}&lt;br /&gt;
		Container.ArgOrder = {}&lt;br /&gt;
		Container.Children = {}&lt;br /&gt;
		-- Container.Name = nil&lt;br /&gt;
		-- Container.Value = nil&lt;br /&gt;
		-- Container.Key = nil&lt;br /&gt;
		Container.BeyondStart = false&lt;br /&gt;
		Container.LastIndex = 1&lt;br /&gt;
		Container.finalise = finalise&lt;br /&gt;
		function Container:HandleArgInput(character, internalcall)&lt;br /&gt;
			if not internalcall then&lt;br /&gt;
				self.Text[#self.Text+1] = character&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
			if character == &amp;quot;=&amp;quot; then&lt;br /&gt;
				if self.Key then&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Value[#self.Value+1] = character&lt;br /&gt;
				else&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Key = cheaptrim(self.Value and table.concat(self.Value, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;) or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Value = {}&lt;br /&gt;
				end&lt;br /&gt;
			else --&amp;quot;|&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;}&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
				if not self.Name then&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Name = cheaptrim(self.Value and table.concat(self.Value, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;) or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Value = nil&lt;br /&gt;
				else&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Value = self.finalise(self.Value and table.concat(self.Value, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;) or &amp;quot;&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
					if self.Key then&lt;br /&gt;
						self.Key = self.finalise(self.Key)&lt;br /&gt;
						self.Args[self.Key] = cheaptrim(self.Value)&lt;br /&gt;
						self.ArgOrder[#self.ArgOrder+1] = self.Key&lt;br /&gt;
					else&lt;br /&gt;
						local Key = tostring(self.LastIndex)&lt;br /&gt;
						self.Args[Key] = self.Value&lt;br /&gt;
						self.ArgOrder[#self.ArgOrder+1] = Key&lt;br /&gt;
						self.LastIndex = self.LastIndex + 1&lt;br /&gt;
					end&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Key = nil&lt;br /&gt;
					self.Value = nil&lt;br /&gt;
				end&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		function Container:AppendText(text, ftext)&lt;br /&gt;
			self.Text[#self.Text+1] = (ftext or text)&lt;br /&gt;
			if not self.Value then&lt;br /&gt;
				self.Value = {}&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
			self.BeyondStart = self.BeyondStart or (#table.concat(self.Text, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;) &amp;gt; 2)&lt;br /&gt;
			if self.BeyondStart then&lt;br /&gt;
				self.Value[#self.Value+1] = text&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		function Container:Clean(IsTemplate)&lt;br /&gt;
			self.Text = table.concat(self.Text, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
			if self.Value and IsTemplate then&lt;br /&gt;
				self.Value = {string.sub(table.concat(self.Value, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;), 1, -3)} --Trim ending }}&lt;br /&gt;
				self:HandleArgInput(&amp;quot;|&amp;quot;, true) --Simulate ending&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
			self.Value = nil&lt;br /&gt;
			self.Key = nil&lt;br /&gt;
			self.BeyondStart = nil&lt;br /&gt;
			self.LastIndex = nil&lt;br /&gt;
			self.finalise = nil&lt;br /&gt;
			self.HandleArgInput = nil&lt;br /&gt;
			self.AppendText = nil&lt;br /&gt;
			self.Clean = nil&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		return Container&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	&lt;br /&gt;
	--Step 1: Find and escape the content of all wikilinks on the page, which are stronger than templates (see implementation notes)&lt;br /&gt;
	local scannerPosition = 1&lt;br /&gt;
	local wikilinks = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	local openWikilinks = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	while true do&lt;br /&gt;
		local Position, _, Character = string.find(InputText, &amp;quot;([%[%]])%1&amp;quot;, scannerPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
		if not Position then --Done&lt;br /&gt;
			break&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
		scannerPosition = Position+2 --+2 to pass the [[ / ]]&lt;br /&gt;
		if Character == &amp;quot;[&amp;quot; then --Add a [[ to the pending wikilink queue&lt;br /&gt;
			openWikilinks[#openWikilinks+1] = Position&lt;br /&gt;
		else --Pair up the ]] to any available [[&lt;br /&gt;
			if #openWikilinks &amp;gt;= 1 then&lt;br /&gt;
				local start = table.remove(openWikilinks) --Pop the latest [[&lt;br /&gt;
				wikilinks[start] = {Start=start, End=Position+1, Type=&amp;quot;Wikilink&amp;quot;} --Note the pair&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	&lt;br /&gt;
	--Step 2: Find the bounds of every valid template and variable ({{ and {{{)&lt;br /&gt;
	local scannerPosition = 1&lt;br /&gt;
	local templates = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	local variables = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	local openBrackets = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	while true do&lt;br /&gt;
		local Start, _, Character = string.find(InputText, &amp;quot;([{}])%1&amp;quot;, scannerPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
		if not Start then --Done (both 9e9)&lt;br /&gt;
			break&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		local _, End = string.find(InputText, &amp;quot;^&amp;quot;..Character..&amp;quot;+&amp;quot;, Start)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
		scannerPosition = Start --Get to the {{ / }} set&lt;br /&gt;
		if Character == &amp;quot;{&amp;quot; then --Add the {{+ set to the queue&lt;br /&gt;
			openBrackets[#openBrackets+1] = {Start=Start, End=End}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
		else --Pair up the }} to any available {{, accounting for {{{ / }}}&lt;br /&gt;
			local BracketCount = End-Start+1&lt;br /&gt;
			while BracketCount &amp;gt;= 2 and #openBrackets &amp;gt;= 1 do&lt;br /&gt;
				local OpenSet = table.remove(openBrackets)&lt;br /&gt;
				if boundlen(OpenSet) &amp;gt;= 3 and BracketCount &amp;gt;= 3 then --We have a {{{variable}}} (both sides have 3 spare)&lt;br /&gt;
					variables[OpenSet.End-2] = {Start=OpenSet.End-2, End=scannerPosition+2, Type=&amp;quot;Variable&amp;quot;} --Done like this to ensure chronological order&lt;br /&gt;
					BracketCount = BracketCount - 3&lt;br /&gt;
					OpenSet.End = OpenSet.End - 3&lt;br /&gt;
					scannerPosition = scannerPosition + 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
				else --We have a {{template}} (both sides have 2 spare, but at least one side doesn&#039;t have 3 spare)&lt;br /&gt;
					templates[OpenSet.End-1] = {Start=OpenSet.End-1, End=scannerPosition+1, Type=&amp;quot;Template&amp;quot;} --Done like this to ensure chronological order&lt;br /&gt;
					BracketCount = BracketCount - 2&lt;br /&gt;
					OpenSet.End = OpenSet.End - 2&lt;br /&gt;
					scannerPosition = scannerPosition + 2&lt;br /&gt;
				end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
				if boundlen(OpenSet) &amp;gt;= 2 then --Still has enough data left, leave it in&lt;br /&gt;
					openBrackets[#openBrackets+1] = OpenSet&lt;br /&gt;
				end&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		scannerPosition = End --Now move past the bracket set&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	&lt;br /&gt;
	--Step 3: Re-trace every object using their known bounds, collecting our parameters with (slight) ease&lt;br /&gt;
	local scannerPosition = 1&lt;br /&gt;
	local activeObjects = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	local finalObjects = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	while true do&lt;br /&gt;
		local LatestObject = activeObjects[#activeObjects] --Commonly needed object&lt;br /&gt;
		local NNC, _, Character --NNC = NextNotableCharacter&lt;br /&gt;
		if LatestObject then&lt;br /&gt;
			NNC, _, Character = string.find(InputText, &amp;quot;([{}%[%]|=])&amp;quot;, scannerPosition)&lt;br /&gt;
		else&lt;br /&gt;
			NNC, _, Character = string.find(InputText, &amp;quot;([{}])&amp;quot;, scannerPosition) --We are only after templates right now&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		if not NNC then&lt;br /&gt;
			break&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
		if NNC &amp;gt; scannerPosition and LatestObject then&lt;br /&gt;
			local scannedContent = string.sub(InputText, scannerPosition, NNC-1)&lt;br /&gt;
			LatestObject:AppendText(scannedContent, finalise(scannedContent))&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
		scannerPosition = NNC+1&lt;br /&gt;
		if Character == &amp;quot;{&amp;quot; or Character == &amp;quot;[&amp;quot; then&lt;br /&gt;
			local Container = templates[NNC] or variables[NNC] or wikilinks[NNC]&lt;br /&gt;
			if Container then&lt;br /&gt;
				CreateContainerObj(Container)&lt;br /&gt;
				if Container.Type == &amp;quot;Template&amp;quot; then&lt;br /&gt;
					Container:AppendText(&amp;quot;{{&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
					scannerPosition = NNC+2&lt;br /&gt;
				elseif Container.Type == &amp;quot;Variable&amp;quot; then&lt;br /&gt;
					Container:AppendText(&amp;quot;{{{&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
					scannerPosition = NNC+3&lt;br /&gt;
				else --Wikilink&lt;br /&gt;
					Container:AppendText(&amp;quot;[[&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
					scannerPosition = NNC+2&lt;br /&gt;
				end&lt;br /&gt;
				if LatestObject and Container.Type == &amp;quot;Template&amp;quot; then --Only templates count as children&lt;br /&gt;
					LatestObject.Children[#LatestObject.Children+1] = Container&lt;br /&gt;
				end&lt;br /&gt;
				activeObjects[#activeObjects+1] = Container&lt;br /&gt;
			elseif LatestObject then&lt;br /&gt;
				LatestObject:AppendText(Character)&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
		elseif Character == &amp;quot;}&amp;quot; or Character == &amp;quot;]&amp;quot; then&lt;br /&gt;
			if LatestObject then&lt;br /&gt;
				LatestObject:AppendText(Character)&lt;br /&gt;
				if LatestObject.End == NNC then&lt;br /&gt;
					if LatestObject.Type == &amp;quot;Template&amp;quot; then&lt;br /&gt;
						LatestObject:Clean(true)&lt;br /&gt;
						finalObjects[#finalObjects+1] = LatestObject&lt;br /&gt;
					else&lt;br /&gt;
						LatestObject:Clean(false)&lt;br /&gt;
					end&lt;br /&gt;
					activeObjects[#activeObjects] = nil&lt;br /&gt;
					local NewLatest = activeObjects[#activeObjects]&lt;br /&gt;
					if NewLatest then&lt;br /&gt;
						NewLatest:AppendText(LatestObject.Text) --Append to new latest&lt;br /&gt;
					end&lt;br /&gt;
				end&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
		else --| or =&lt;br /&gt;
			if LatestObject then&lt;br /&gt;
				LatestObject:HandleArgInput(Character)&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	&lt;br /&gt;
	--Step 4: Fix the order&lt;br /&gt;
	local FixedOrder = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	local SortableReference = {}&lt;br /&gt;
	for _,Object in next,finalObjects do&lt;br /&gt;
		SortableReference[#SortableReference+1] = Object.Start&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	table.sort(SortableReference)&lt;br /&gt;
	for i = 1,#SortableReference do&lt;br /&gt;
		local start = SortableReference[i]&lt;br /&gt;
		for n,Object in next,finalObjects do&lt;br /&gt;
			if Object.Start == start then&lt;br /&gt;
				finalObjects[n] = nil&lt;br /&gt;
				Object.Start = nil --Final cleanup&lt;br /&gt;
				Object.End = nil&lt;br /&gt;
				Object.Type = nil&lt;br /&gt;
				FixedOrder[#FixedOrder+1] = Object&lt;br /&gt;
				break&lt;br /&gt;
			end&lt;br /&gt;
		end&lt;br /&gt;
	end&lt;br /&gt;
	&lt;br /&gt;
	--Finished, return&lt;br /&gt;
	return FixedOrder&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
local p = {}&lt;br /&gt;
--Main entry points&lt;br /&gt;
p.PrepareText = PrepareText&lt;br /&gt;
p.ParseTemplates = ParseTemplates&lt;br /&gt;
--Extra entry points, not really required&lt;br /&gt;
p.TestForNowikiTag = TestForNowikiTag&lt;br /&gt;
p.TestForComment = TestForComment&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
return p&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--[==[ console tests&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
local s = [=[Hey!{{Text|&amp;lt;nowiki | ||&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Hey! }}&lt;br /&gt;
A&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;|&amp;lt;!--AAAAA|AAA--&amp;gt;Should see|Shouldn&#039;t see}}]=]&lt;br /&gt;
local out = p.PrepareText(s)&lt;br /&gt;
mw.logObject(out)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
local s = [=[B&amp;lt;!--&lt;br /&gt;
Hey!&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;A]=]&lt;br /&gt;
local out = p.TestForComment(s, 2)&lt;br /&gt;
mw.logObject(out); mw.log(string.sub(s, 2, out.Length))&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
local a = p.ParseTemplates([=[&lt;br /&gt;
{{User:Aidan9382/templates/dummy&lt;br /&gt;
|A|B|C {{{A|B}}} { } } {&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;D&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;E&lt;br /&gt;
|F&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|G|=|a=|A  =  [[{{PAGENAME}}|A=B]]{{Text|1==&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;}}|A B=Success}}&lt;br /&gt;
]=])&lt;br /&gt;
mw.logObject(a)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
]==]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ryukyusphere_talk:Namespace&amp;diff=1135</id>
		<title>Ryukyusphere talk:Namespace</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ryukyusphere_talk:Namespace&amp;diff=1135"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{WikiProject banner shell|&lt;br /&gt;
{{Wikipedia Help Project|class=NA|importance=high}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{old moves|list=&lt;br /&gt;
*Wikipedia:Namespace → Help:Namespace, 13 January 2013, [[Wikipedia talk:Namespace#Requested move]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{merged-from |Help:Namespace |12 June 2009}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Archives}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== FAQ Namespace ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where would one petition to have a FAQ namespace added? There are many articles where discussions are endlessly repeated, and calls for merges, deletions, or era changes, etc are repeated by newcomers. A few of the Talk pages I&#039;ve seen recently have mentioned the desire to have a FAQ page where results of major-change discussions, or results of discussions of questions frequently asked can be placed for easy reference without having to rehash a long discussion all over again on the Talk page. Is there a place at WP where a request for a new namespace could be placed? Many thanks. — [[User:Imeriki al-Shimoni|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#60d;font-weight:bold;text-shadow:3px 3px 2px #aaa;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;al-Shimoni&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]] ([[User talk:Imeriki al-Shimoni|talk]]) 07:51, 16 December 2011 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Request for comment: Page move nomination ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Due to the fact that this page is a how to guide, It should be moved to Help:Namespaces with a redirect. -- [[User:PythonSwarm|PythonSwarm]]   &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User talk:PythonSwarm|Talk]]  &amp;amp;#124;   [[Special:Contribs/PythonSwarm|Contribs]]   &amp;amp;#124;   [[Special:CentralAuth/PythonSwarm|Global]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:10, 24 August 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
:{{u|PythonSwarm}}, this is &#039;&#039;&#039;almost&#039;&#039;&#039; a [[WP:RM|requested move]] discussion. [[User:I dream of horses|I dream of horses]] [[Special:Contribs/I dream of horses|(Contribs)]] Please [[WP:NOTIFY|notify]] me after replying off my [[User talk:I dream of horses|talk page.]] Thank you. 02:34, 24 August 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
=== Discussion ===&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Opposed&#039;&#039;&#039; really only seeing infomation here rather then how to do something.--&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;color:darkblue&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Moxy|Moxy]]&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:red&amp;quot;&amp;gt;🍁&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; 03:04, 24 August 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Oppose&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Called forth by bot)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; This is not a help page, it does fine in the Wikipedia namespace. We try to keep only the most relevant things in the help namespace so that our experienced hands can easily find things by searching something like &amp;quot;WP:NAMESPACE&amp;quot;. I wouldn&#039;t think to search &amp;quot;Help:Namespace&amp;quot;, because help pages are not really built for our experienced hands, and I don&#039;t think this page is meant as a starter guide. [[User:CaptainEek|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#6a1f7f&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;CaptainEek&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User talk:CaptainEek|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size:82%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#a479e5&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;Edits Ho Cap&#039;n!&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;[[Special:Contributions/CaptainEek|⚓]] 04:18, 24 August 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;opposed&#039;&#039;&#039; This page is more than a help page. It fits this namespace well. [[User:Philoserf|—¿philoserf?]] ([[User talk:Philoserf|talk]]) 22:48, 24 August 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Keep&#039;&#039;&#039;. This page is more about the guidelines we have established for the use of namespaces on Wikipedia, than about how namespaces work within our software. --[[User:Bsherr|Bsherr]] ([[User talk:Bsherr|talk]]) 04:02, 25 August 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Support&#039;&#039;&#039;, this is almost entirely a help page, and I believe these should ideally placed in the Help namespace. Almost all of it is about the technical aspects of namespaces, and there is very little policy discussion or commentary. --[[User:Mrjulesd|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:orange;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;--Jules&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]&amp;amp;nbsp;[[User talk:Mrjulesd|(Mrjulesd)]] 20:59, 25 August 2020 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== RIP Gadget talk: Invention, Travel, &amp;amp; Adventure ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
GOOD NIGHT SWEET PRINCE&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
YOU WILL BE MISSED&lt;br /&gt;
   /-_-\&lt;br /&gt;
  /  /  \&lt;br /&gt;
 /  /    \&lt;br /&gt;
 \  \    /&lt;br /&gt;
  \__\__/&lt;br /&gt;
     \\&lt;br /&gt;
     -\\    ____&lt;br /&gt;
       \\  /   /&lt;br /&gt;
 ____   \\/___/&lt;br /&gt;
 \   \ -//&lt;br /&gt;
  \___\//-&lt;br /&gt;
     -//&lt;br /&gt;
      \\&lt;br /&gt;
      //&lt;br /&gt;
     //-&lt;br /&gt;
   -//&lt;br /&gt;
   //&lt;br /&gt;
   \\&lt;br /&gt;
    \\&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b style=&amp;quot;font-family: monospace; color:#E35BD8&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:JPxG|&amp;lt;b style=&amp;quot;color:#029D74&amp;quot;&amp;gt;jp&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;]]×[[Special:Contributions/JPxG|&amp;lt;b style=&amp;quot;color: #029D74&amp;quot;&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;]][[User talk:JPxG|🗯️]]&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; 07:42, 3 March 2024 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Semi-protected edit request on 21 August 2024 ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{edit semi-protected|Wikipedia:Namespace|answered=yes}}&lt;br /&gt;
Please change the Wikimedia Outreach reference: from &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[https://outreach.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Education/News/January_2018/Education_Extension_scheduled_shutdown Education_Extension_scheduled_shutdown, Wikimedia outreach]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/Education/News/January_2018/Education_Extension_scheduled_shutdown &amp;quot;Education Extension scheduled shutdown&amp;quot;], Wikimedia Outreach&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;; this removes the [[:Help:Mobile access|mobile site prefix]] that isn&#039;t optimised for desktop usage (and if browsing on a mobile, it should be automatically changed anyway), and it also doesn&#039;t display underscores in the link. [[Special:Contributions/83.28.217.24|83.28.217.24]] ([[User talk:83.28.217.24|talk]]) 09:22, 21 August 2024 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
:It would be better to use &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[outreach:Education/News/January 2018/Education Extension scheduled shutdown|Education Extension scheduled shutdown]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; which yields [[outreach:Education/News/January 2018/Education Extension scheduled shutdown|Education Extension scheduled shutdown]]. --[[User:Redrose64|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:#a80000; background:#ffeeee; text-decoration:inherit&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Red&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;rose64]] &amp;amp;#x1f339; ([[User talk:Redrose64|talk]]) 16:49, 21 August 2024 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
:: Agreed, {{done}}&amp;lt;!-- Template:ESp --&amp;gt; [[User:Tollens|Tollens]] ([[User talk:Tollens|talk]]) 19:32, 21 August 2024 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Alias &amp;quot;cat:&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Commons already supports it, e.g., [[:c:cat:SVG numbers]] redirects to [[:c:Category:SVG numbers]] -- why not on English Wikipedia, too? [[Wikipedia_talk:Namespace/Archive_1#Integrate_pseudo-namespace_into_alias-namespace|Previous discussion]] alluded to &amp;quot;pollution&amp;quot; and the use of colon character in article titles. But the actual problem would be articles starting with &amp;quot;cat:&amp;quot;, which currently are only some &amp;quot;pseudo-namespaces&amp;quot; (cross-space redirects) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/CAT:] . [[User:Fgnievinski|fgnievinski]] ([[User talk:Fgnievinski|talk]]) 02:45, 23 February 2025 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Discussion at [[:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)#Adding a SecurePoll namespace|Wikipedia:Village pump (technical) §&amp;amp;nbsp;Adding a SecurePoll namespace]]==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Symbol watching blue lashes high contrast.svg|25px|link=|alt=]]&amp;amp;nbsp;You are invited to join the discussion at [[:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)#Adding a SecurePoll namespace|Wikipedia:Village pump (technical) §&amp;amp;nbsp;Adding a SecurePoll namespace]].  –[[User:Novem Linguae|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color:blue&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Novem Linguae&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]] &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;([[User talk:Novem Linguae|talk]])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; 08:06, 19 June 2025 (UTC)&amp;lt;!-- [[Template:Please see]] --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Feedback requested regarding WP and Help namespaces ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Your feedback would be appreciated at the following discussion: [[WP:Village pump (idea lab)#Same titled page in both WP and Help namespaces]]. Thanks, [[User:Mathglot|Mathglot]] ([[User talk:Mathglot|talk]]) 09:20, 14 December 2025 (UTC)&lt;br /&gt;
: It should be further noted that subpage [[Wikipedia:Namespace/Help vs. Wikipedia]] is featured in that discussion, and was created for it. [[User:Mathglot|Mathglot]] ([[User talk:Mathglot|talk]]) 10:26, 16 December 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ryukyusphere:Namespace&amp;diff=1133</id>
		<title>Ryukyusphere:Namespace</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Ryukyusphere:Namespace&amp;diff=1133"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Short description|Prefix before a Wikipedia page&#039;s name}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{redirect-distinguish|WP:NS|Wikipedia:WikiProject Nova Scotia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{redirect-distinguish|WP:NSPACE|Wikipedia:Notability (astronomical objects)}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{pp-semi-vandalism|small=yes}}{{pp-move-indef}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Infopage|WP:NS|WP:NSPACE}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Namespaces}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A Wikipedia &#039;&#039;&#039;namespace&#039;&#039;&#039; is a set of Wikipedia pages whose [[Help:page name|names]] begin with a reserved word, followed by a colon.  The reserved word is recognized by the [[MediaWiki]] software. For example, in the &#039;&#039;user namespace&#039;&#039; all titles begin with the prefix &#039;&#039;User:&#039;&#039;. In the case of the article (or main) namespace, in which encyclopedia articles appear, the reserved word and colon are absent. (Note: main space articles can optionally include a colon at the beginning with no reserved word, so &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[&amp;lt;nowiki/&amp;gt;[Article]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[&amp;lt;nowiki/&amp;gt;[:Article]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; are equivalent. This is usually only necessary for the advanced technique of [[WP:Transclusion|transcluding]] a main space article into a page in another namespace.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More generally, a Wikipedia &#039;&#039;&#039;namespace&#039;&#039;&#039; is a class of pages that falls under a common type. All pages in the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;User&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; namespace, for example, are [[Wikipedia:User pages|user pages]], whereas [[WP:Drafts|Drafts]] are in the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;Draft&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; namespace. This page is in the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;[[WP:Project namespace|Wikipedia]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; namespace, for information or discussions about the project itself and its policies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia has 30 current namespaces: 14 subject namespaces, 14 corresponding talk namespaces, and 2 virtual namespaces. These are all listed in the box to the right. While surfing Wikipedia, a list of namespaces is available in two clicks: do an empty search, then click &#039;&#039;Advanced&#039;&#039; under the search box. The list also makes itself available where needed in the dropdown menus of, for example, [[Special:Prefixindex]], [[Special:Allpages]], [[Special:Recentchanges]], and [[Special:Contributions]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The aliases &#039;&#039;&#039;WP&#039;&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;Wikipedia&#039;&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;&#039;WT&#039;&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;Wikipedia&amp;amp;nbsp;talk&#039;&#039;&#039;, work for page names in the search box, and making links as well as inclusions. See [[#Aliases|Aliases]] below for other aliases. (The pseudo-namespaces such as &#039;&#039;&#039;H&#039;&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;Help&#039;&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;&#039;CAT&#039;&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;Category&#039;&#039;&#039;, are extremely limited. See &#039;&#039;[[#Pseudo-namespaces|Pseudo-namespaces]]&#039;&#039; below.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The table on the right shows what number to use when you want to hide pages that are on your watchlist. See: [[Wikipedia:Hide Pages in Watchlist]] for details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Subject namespaces ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{see|Wikipedia:Administration#Data structure and development}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Policies and guidelines indicator.png|thumb|350px|This page is in the [[Wikipedia:Project namespace|Wikipedia namespace]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
Namespaces allow for the organization and separation of [[Wikipedia:Administration#Content namespaces|content pages]] from [[Wikipedia:Administration#Administrative namespaces|administration pages]]. Namespaces separate data into core sets, those intended for public viewing, and those intended for the editing community. Wikipedia&#039;s subject namespaces and their functions are listed below. A brief description is provided, but see the link for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{anchor|subjectpage}}A namespace is sometimes called a &#039;&#039;space&#039;&#039;, for short, as in &amp;quot;Project space&amp;quot;. A &#039;&#039;subject page&#039;&#039; and its &#039;&#039;talk page&#039;&#039; form a pair.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&lt;br /&gt;
in order of {{NAMESPACENUMBER}}&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Current namespaces===&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Main namespace|Main namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (no prefix): contains all encyclopedia articles, lists, [[Wikipedia:Disambiguation|disambiguation pages]], and encyclopedia [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirects]]. Sometimes referred to as &amp;quot;mainspace&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Article&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:User namespace|User namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;User:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains user pages and other pages created by individual users for their own personal use. Pages under this namespace can still be viewed and modified by others, so do not keep any of your sensitive data here.&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia namespace|Wikipedia namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Project namespace|Project namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Wikipedia:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains many types of pages connected with the Wikipedia project itself: information, policies, guidelines, essays, processes, discussion, etc. [[Wikipedia:Namespace#Aliases|Namespace aliases]]: &#039;&#039;&#039;WP:&#039;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;&#039;Project:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*{{anchor|File|File namespace}}&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:File namespace|File namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;File:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains [[Help:File description page|description pages for media files]] (images, videos, and audio files). A link starting with &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[File:&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; will display the media at that position on the page instead of showing a wikilink that leads to the specified file description page, so if you want the latter effect, use a link beginning with &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[:File:&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; (the [[Help:Colon trick|colon trick]]). Namespace alias: &#039;&#039;&#039;Image:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;MediaWiki:&#039;&#039;&#039;): a namespace containing interface texts, such as the links and messages that appear on automatically generated pages. Pages in this namespace are permanently [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|protected]] against editing by regular users. For a list of these messages, see [[Special:AllMessages]]. (The prefix &#039;&#039;cannot&#039;&#039; be shortened to &amp;quot;MW&amp;quot; because &#039;&#039;&#039;mw&#039;&#039;&#039; is an interwiki prefix. See &#039;&#039;[[#Interwiki links|Interwiki links]]&#039;&#039; below.)&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Template namespace|Template namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Template:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains templates&amp;amp;nbsp;– pages that are intended primarily to be [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] or [[Wikipedia:Substitution|substituted]] onto other pages to insert standard text or boxes such as infoboxes and navigation boxes. [[Wikipedia:Namespace#Aliases|Namespace alias]]: &#039;&#039;&#039;TM:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[WP:Help namespace|Help namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Help:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains pages which provide help in using Wikipedia and its software, both for users of the encyclopedia and for editors.&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Category namespace|Category namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Category:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains category pages, which are curated lists of related pages and subcategories, along with optional additional text. A link beginning with &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[Category:&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; has the effect of adding the page the link appears on to the specified category; it will not result in a wikilink to the category page itself. If you want the latter, use the [[Help:Colon trick|colon trick]]: &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[:Category:&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Portal namespace|Portal namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Portal:&#039;&#039;&#039;): for reader-oriented portals that help readers find articles related to a specific topic, and may contain links to encourage contributions to relevant [[Wikipedia:WikiProject|WikiProjects]]. See, for example, [[Portal:Cricket]] and [[Portal:Spaceflight]].&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Draft namespace|Draft namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Draft:&#039;&#039;&#039;): hosts drafts of new (potential) Wikipedia articles.&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler|TimedText namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;TimedText:&#039;&#039;&#039;): synchronized subtitles for media files.&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Module namespace|Module namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Module:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains [[mw:Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] modules&amp;amp;nbsp;– Lua scripts implementing special-purpose [[mw:Manual:Parser functions|parser functions]] for use in templates, beyond the [[Help:Magic words#Parser functions|basic set]] included with MediaWiki and its [[mw:Extensions FAQ|extensions]].&lt;br /&gt;
* {{anchor|MOS}}&#039;&#039;&#039;[[WP:Manual of Style|MOS namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;MOS:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contains redirects to subpages of [[WP:Manual of Style]]. Until 2024 this was a pseudo-namespace, but it was turned into a real namespace in 2024 to avoid conflicts with the [[Mooré]] Wikipedia (with the language code &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;mos:&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[phab:T363538]]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Event:Sandbox|Event namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Event:&#039;&#039;&#039;) contains [[mw:Extension:CampaignEvents]] events.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Former namespaces===&lt;br /&gt;
The following namespaces previously existed but no longer do:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Flow|Flow namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Topic:&#039;&#039;&#039;) was a proposed talk page replacement, formerly installed on English Wikipedia by [[mw:Extension:StructuredDiscussions|Extension:StructuredDiscussions]]. It is no longer installed after being rejected by the community.&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Course pages|Education Program namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Education Program:&#039;&#039;&#039;): uninstalled in 2018, and replaced with the [[wmfdashboard:|Programs &amp;amp; Events Dashboard]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[outreach:Education/News/January 2018/Education Extension scheduled shutdown|Education Extension scheduled shutdown]], Wikimedia outreach&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Section link|Wikipedia:Education noticeboard/Archive 18#NOTICE:_EducationProgram extension is being deprecated}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However, the namespace was re-added later that year to allow access to old talk pages in the Education program talk: namespace. The namespace was then uninstalled again in 2021 after the remaining talk pages were moved to subpages of [[Wikipedia talk:Education program archive]].&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Books|Book namespace]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Book:&#039;&#039;&#039;): contained entries for Wikipedia books, collections of articles about one theme, which were used to generate downloadable files or printable documents or order books from PediaPress. In 2017, the online book rendering service was withdrawn, leading to the removal of most links leading to the namespace in 2019. The namespace and its transclusions were still retained in the hope that the WMF would come up with a solution,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Section link|Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 176|Suppress rendering of Template:Wikipedia books}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; but in 2021 the namespace was uninstalled after all remaining books were moved to subpages of [[Wikipedia:Books/archive]].&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Gadget namespace&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Gadget:&#039;&#039;&#039;):&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Section link|Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 139#New &amp;quot;Gadget:&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Gadget definition:&amp;quot; namespaces?}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was intended to store [[Wikipedia:Gadget|Gadgets]], which are small [[Snippet (programming)|snippets]] enabled in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|user preferences]], but was never used for anything other than redirects to the video game &#039;&#039;[[Gadget: Invention, Travel, &amp;amp; Adventure]]&#039;&#039;, and for most of its existence could only be edited by WMF staff. Gadgets currently use the [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki namespace]] with the &#039;&#039;MediaWiki:Gadget-&#039;&#039; page name prefix. It was a [[mw:Manual:Using custom namespaces|custom namespace]] installed by the [[mw:Extension:Gadgets|Gadget extension]].&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;Gadget definition namespace&#039;&#039;&#039; (prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;Gadget definition:&#039;&#039;&#039;): installed but never used; see above for more information. Gadget definitions currently use the [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]] page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Aliases and pseudo-namespaces===&lt;br /&gt;
{{redirect|Wikipedia:Alias|template parameter aliases|Help:Template#Handling parameters}}&lt;br /&gt;
An &#039;&#039;alias&#039;&#039; of a namespace is its namespace. For example, &#039;&#039;&#039;WP:&#039;&#039;&#039; is &#039;&#039;&#039;Wikipedia:&#039;&#039;&#039;, and so&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;Wikipedia:[[WP:Page name|&#039;&#039;Page name&#039;&#039;]]]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; can be abbreviated &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[WP:&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;[[WP:Page name|&#039;&#039;Page name&#039;&#039;]]]]&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
See &#039;&#039;[[#Aliases|Aliases]]&#039;&#039; below, for a list of aliases, such as &#039;&#039;&#039;WT:&#039;&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;Wikipedia talk:&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A &#039;&#039;pseudo-namespace&#039;&#039; is an agreement to create redirect pages named that way, each of which&lt;br /&gt;
is a shortcut from mainspace to &#039;&#039;a single page in its namespace&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
So an alias refers to &#039;&#039;any page in its namespace&#039;&#039;, but a pseudo-namespace has far fewer pages than its real namespace.&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few pseudo-namespace names like &#039;&#039;&#039;H:&#039;&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;Help:&#039;&#039;&#039;, and &#039;&#039;&#039;CAT:&#039;&#039;&#039; for &#039;&#039;&#039;Category:&#039;&#039;&#039;, and these can be discovered below in the section &#039;&#039;[[#Pseudo-namespaces|Pseudo-namespaces]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== &amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;Talk&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;Wikipedia talk&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;WT&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; Talk namespaces==&lt;br /&gt;
{{shortcut|WP:TALKSPACE}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{main|Help:Using talk pages|Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines}}&lt;br /&gt;
Each of the above namespaces (but not the virtual namespaces and the former Topic: namespace) has an associated [[help:talk page|talk namespace]]—these are also known as &#039;&#039;discussion pages&#039;&#039;. The talk namespaces are designated by appending the word &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;talk&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; to the namespace name. For example, the talk namespace associated with the user namespace has the prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;User talk:&#039;&#039;&#039;. The talk namespace associated with the article namespace is &#039;&#039;&#039;Talk:&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most of the pages in the talk namespaces are used to discuss changes to the corresponding page in the associated namespace. Pages in the &#039;&#039;user talk&#039;&#039; namespace are used to leave messages for a particular user. The user talk namespace is special in that, whenever a user&#039;s talk page is edited, that user will see an orange box saying &amp;quot;You have new messages&amp;quot; on the top of every page that they view until they visit their talk page. By default, logged-in users will see [[Wikipedia:Notifications|a red notification square]] &#039;&#039;and&#039;&#039; a small orange box on the top right hand corner of the page; IP users will only see a wide orange box spanning the top of the page. (Minor edits made by [[Wikipedia:Bot policy|bots]] no longer set off the new message bar. For logged-in users, the new-message bar may be disabled in [[Special:Preferences]].)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that the prefix &#039;&#039;&#039;WT:&#039;&#039;&#039; expands to &#039;&#039;&#039;Wikipedia talk:&#039;&#039;&#039;, just as &#039;&#039;&#039;WP:&#039;&#039;&#039; expands to &#039;&#039;&#039;Wikipedia:&#039;&#039;&#039; (see [[#Aliases|Aliases]] below). For example, &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[WT:Verifiability]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt; links to [[Wikipedia talk:Verifiability]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Virtual namespaces&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;Special&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; ==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to subject namespaces, and their corresponding talk pages, there are two virtual namespaces (without corresponding talk pages) for specialist purposes:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Special ===&lt;br /&gt;
{{main|Help:Special page}}&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;Special:&#039;&#039; namespace consists of pages (called &#039;&#039;special pages&#039;&#039;) that are created by the software on demand, such as [[Special:RecentChanges]]. These pages can be linked as usual, as with &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[Special:RecentChanges]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;, except when they have parameters. To use parameters, the full URL must be given as an external link. For example, https:{{SERVER}}{{SCRIPTPATH}}/index.php?title=Special:Recentchanges&amp;amp;days=3&amp;amp;limit=10, which returns the last ten changes in the last three days.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can create a [[Wikipedia:redirect|redirect]] to a Special page, but the redirect will not be followed automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a list of special pages, see [[Special:SpecialPages]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{anchor|Media|Media namespace}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Media ===&lt;br /&gt;
{{Main|Help:Files}}&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;Media:&#039;&#039; namespace can be used to link directly to a file, rather than to the file description page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Aliases and pseudo-namespaces==&lt;br /&gt;
{{See|Wikipedia:Shortcut#List of prefixes}}&lt;br /&gt;
Aliases and pseudo-namespaces are not namespaces in themselves; their main role is to provide handy ways to link to actual namespaces, by providing shortened links.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main difference between them being the way they work for this purpose; while aliases directly link to namespaces, pseudo-namespaces can only link to other namespaces by using specialist [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect pages]] in the main namespace called [[Wikipedia:Shortcut|shortcuts]]. While aliases are also used for shortcuts, this isn&#039;t necessary if the pagename is not shortened.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pseudo-namespaces all actually reside in main namespace; but a pseudo-namespace called [[m:Help:Transwiki|Transwiki:]] exists as a pseudo-namespace before being moved to another namespace.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Aliases ===&lt;br /&gt;
{{Shortcut|WP:ALIAS}}&lt;br /&gt;
There are seven aliases defined for namespaces, all of which are case-insensitive:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=wikitable&lt;br /&gt;
!Namespace&lt;br /&gt;
!Alias&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|WP&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Project&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Wikipedia talk&lt;br /&gt;
|WT&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Project talk&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|File&lt;br /&gt;
|Image&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|File talk&lt;br /&gt;
|Image talk&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Template&lt;br /&gt;
|TM&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These aliases are automatically translated by the Wikipedia servers to the proper namespace prefix. So if a link is made to a page title beginning with one of these aliases, or else entered in the search box or used in a URL in a browser address bar, the alias links to the page with the corresponding true namespace prefix. Hence entering [[WP:External links]] or [[Project:External links]] is equivalent to entering [[Wikipedia:External links]]; and entering [[WT:External links]] or [[Project talk:External links]] is equivalent to entering [[Wikipedia talk:External links]]. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An alias cannot be used as the actual namespace in a page title. For example, you cannot create page &#039;&#039;WP:123&#039;&#039;; if tried, the page name is instantly converted to &#039;&#039;Wikipedia:123&#039;&#039;. It &#039;&#039;is&#039;&#039;, however, possible to [[Wikipedia:Page name#Changing the displayed title|change the &#039;&#039;displayed&#039;&#039; title]] on page &#039;&#039;Wikipedia:123&#039;&#039; to make it &#039;&#039;WP:123&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;Project:123&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot;&amp;gt;This is very handy for the creation of [[Wikipedia:Shortcut|shortcuts]]. For example, the shortcut for this section is [[WP:ALIAS]], as shown in the right-side box. When the link is clicked, it is automatically translated to [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ALIAS&amp;amp;redirect=no Wikipedia:ALIAS]. At this page is a [[Help:Redirect|redirect]] to {{Section link|Wikipedia:Namespace#Aliases}}. This means that the shortcut goes directly to this section from anywhere on Wikipedia. It can also be entered as a [[URL]] in the browser address bar as https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:ALIAS .&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Pseudo-namespaces ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- This section is linked from [[Wikipedia:Glossary]] --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{Shortcut|WP:PNS}}&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from Wikipedia&#039;s 24 regular namespaces and their aliases, and 2 virtual ones, there are several title prefixes appearing in [[Help:Shortcut|shortcut redirects]] pointing to frequently-referred-to Wikipedia pages. These prefixes are referred to as &#039;&#039;&#039;pseudo-namespaces&#039;&#039;&#039; and include the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Special:Prefixindex/CAT:|CAT:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; for shortcuts to the [[Wikipedia:Category namespace|Category namespace]]. See also [[:Category:Redirects to category space]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Special:Prefixindex/H:|H:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; for shortcuts to the [[Wikipedia:Help namespace|Help namespace]]. See also [[:Category:Redirects to help namespace]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Special:Prefixindex/P:|P:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; for shortcuts to the [[Wikipedia:Portal namespace|Portal namespace]]. See also [[:Category:Redirects to portal namespace]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A more complete list is available at {{Section link|Wikipedia:Shortcut#List of prefixes}}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pseudo-namespaces are not in any way recognised by the wiki software; they are purely a community custom. Titles in pseudo-namespaces actually belong technically in the main (article) namespace and are treated as such by the software: they are case-sensitive and appear in [[Help:Search#Syntax|search results]] restricted to the main namespace. An alias is treated like a real namespace, resulting in a search for the [[WP:page name|pagename]] in its namespace, but the &amp;quot;pseudo-namespace:pagename&amp;quot; search is in mainspace, not its pseudo-namespace. For example, searching for &amp;quot;H:S&amp;quot; will not search &#039;&#039;&#039;Help&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To learn some of these shortcuts, first follow the pseudo-namespace link above, then follow one of the redirects listed on that page. It will take you to the target, where you then notice any {{tl|shortcut}} boxes to the right of the page, which may also list some additional shortcuts to that same area. By observing these steps repeatedly, you can discover ways to shorten your typing. You will use pseudo-namespace names more often if you are an advanced editor, highly active in many namespaces, or constantly linking to pages that have a pseudo-namespace shortcut.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To understand the appropriateness of redirects of this type, see [[Wikipedia:Cross-namespace redirects]]. All shortcuts are discoverable by [[Help:Searching|searching]] for redirects. There is also the category [[:Category:Wikipedia redirects|Wikipedia redirects]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a final example, every [[Wikimedia Foundation]] project has a &amp;quot;[[m:Help:Transwiki|Transwiki:]]&amp;quot; pseudo-namespace (sometimes a real namespace) for importing articles manually. A wiki project that would manually move many pages between [[wp:sister|sister projects]] uses this tag. Redirects/shortcuts are not directly involved here, as described above. Instead, the page title is [[WP:move|move]]d to &amp;quot;Transwiki:&#039;&#039;namespace:pagename&#039;&#039;&amp;quot;, and that content is then copied and pasted into a new page name of that temporary title on the target wiki. When it is accepted, the title is then moved out of the &#039;&#039;&#039;Transwiki&#039;&#039;&#039; pseudo-namespace there and becomes a real page name in its respective namespace.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;Interwiki links&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Interwiki and interlanguage links ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{see|Help:Interwiki linking|Help:Interlanguage links}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:Table of Wikimedia projects|Interwiki]] and [[m:List of Wikipedias|interlanguage]] prefixes do not define namespaces, but point to pages in other Wikimedia projects, outside the en.wikipedia.org website. They are mentioned here because they use a namespace-like prefix technique for linking. Examples of interwiki prefixes include &#039;&#039;&#039;w:&#039;&#039;&#039; for Wikipedia; &#039;&#039;&#039;m:&#039;&#039;&#039; (or &#039;&#039;&#039;meta:&#039;&#039;&#039;) for [[Meta-Wiki]], &#039;&#039;&#039;mw:&#039;&#039;&#039; for [[MediaWiki]],  and &#039;&#039;&#039;wikt:&#039;&#039;&#039; for [[Wiktionary]]. Examples of interlanguage prefixes include &#039;&#039;&#039;en:&#039;&#039;&#039; for English language, &#039;&#039;&#039;fr:&#039;&#039;&#039; for French language, and &#039;&#039;&#039;de:&#039;&#039;&#039; for German language. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Important points to note:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* In the presence of an interwiki prefix and the absence of an interlanguage prefix, the link will be to a specified project in the current language. So &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[w:Internet]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; links to &amp;quot;[[w:Internet|Internet]]&amp;quot; on the English Wikipedia, if the link is on any English-language Wikimedia project.&lt;br /&gt;
* In the presence of an interlanguage prefix and the absence of an interwiki prefix, the link will be to a specified language in the current project. So &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[:en:Internet]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; will link to &amp;quot;[[:en:Internet|Internet]]&amp;quot; on the English Wikipedia, if the link is on a Wikipedia project in any language.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When making links to other language Wikipedias, add an initial colon if you want the link to appear inline rather than in the skin&#039;s sidebar under &amp;quot;Languages&amp;quot;; see [[Help:Colon trick]] for an explanation. So &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[:de:Internet]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; is an inline link to &amp;quot;[[:de:Internet|Internet]]&amp;quot; in the German Wikipedia; but if using an interwiki prefix this is unnecessary, for example &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[w:de:Internet]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; is the same inline link.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further examples:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[m:Meta:Babel]] and [[meta:Meta:Babel]] both link to the &amp;quot;Babel&amp;quot; page in the project namespace (Meta:, the 2nd prefix) of Meta-Wiki (m: or meta:, the 1st prefix).&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikt:fr:Discuter:pied/fusion daf]] links to the &amp;quot;pied/fusion daf&amp;quot; page in the talk namespace (Discuter:, the 3rd prefix) of French (fr:, the 2nd prefix) Wiktionary (wikt:, the 1st prefix).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interwiki prefixes are not just for Wikimedia projects. For example, [[Dictionary:]] is the interwiki link for [[dict.org]] (the DICT Development Group). For a complete list of interwiki prefixes, see the [[m:Interwiki map|interwiki map]] and [[m:Special:Interwiki|interwiki table]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As with aliases, it is not possible to create a page with a title beginning with an interwiki or interlanguage prefix. It is also not possible to create redirects to interwiki pages, unless it is a [[Wikipedia:Soft redirect|soft redirect]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Case insensitivity ==&lt;br /&gt;
Standard namespace names, aliases and interwiki prefixes are case insensitive. The same applies to the first character after the colon. Hence the following all link to the same page:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Afd]], [[WIKIPEDIA:Afd]], [[wIKIpedia:Afd]], [[wikipedia:afd]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wP:Afd]], [[wp:Afd]], [[WP:afd]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[PROJECT:Afd]], [[project:Afd]], [[ProjecT:Afd]], [[Project:afd]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Namespace-dependent functionality ==&lt;br /&gt;
The namespace name is a useful variable for searching in and reporting on sets of [[WP:Page name|pages]]. It is also used to apply features that configure the sets of pages in one namespace differently from another namespace. Using the namespace name MediaWiki can:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WP:Search|Search]] for pages in a particular namespace only.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Help:Special page|Report]] on [[Special:AllPages|content]] or [[WP:Recent changes|changes in content]] of a namespace.&lt;br /&gt;
* Enable or disable the [[WP:Subpage|subpage]] feature, per namespace.&lt;br /&gt;
* Offer a [[WP:Random article|random article]] for the mainspace (&amp;lt;kbd&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;Special:Random&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/kbd&amp;gt;), or for a namespace &amp;lt;kbd&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;Special:Random/&#039;&#039;Namespace&#039;&#039;]]&amp;lt;/kbd&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
* Change the functionality of &amp;lt;kbd&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;wikilink&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/kbd&amp;gt; if it targets the &#039;&#039;&#039;Category&#039;&#039;&#039; namespace or &#039;&#039;&#039;File&#039;&#039;&#039; namespace. Normally wikilinks are activated by the mouse, but &amp;lt;kbd&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;Category:&#039;&#039;Pagename&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/kbd&amp;gt; activates software functionality when the [[WP:Category|page is saved]], and &amp;lt;kbd&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;[[&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;File:&#039;&#039;Page name&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;]]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/kbd&amp;gt; activates software functionality when the [[WP:Image|page is rendered]].&lt;br /&gt;
* Change the functionality of &amp;lt;kbd&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;[[WP:Transclusion|pagename]]&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/kbd&amp;gt; so that it defaults to the set of pagenames in &#039;&#039;&#039;Template&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
* Tailor &#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Edit notices|edit notices]]&#039;&#039; to a particular namespace&#039;s edit page, informing an editor of certain aspects about the content of that namespace.&lt;br /&gt;
* Allow &#039;&#039;[[Wikipedia:Templates|templates]]&#039;&#039; to behave differently on pages of different namespaces.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The namespace functionality is often visible in the URL, where you will see a namespace number. These are given in the table below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subpages are configured for all namespaces except Main, File, MediaWiki and Category namespaces. Subpages are configured in the software by enabling or disabling the subpage feature per namespace. This further extends the function of a namespace by extending the types of pages or topics of pages a namespace can home. For example, talk page &#039;&#039;/archives&#039;&#039; are subpages, and they are both namespace searchable and page name searchable from the search box, unlike [[WP:page history|history pages]], which are in no namespace. Another example is in the Template namespace where it is routine to put the documentation in a subpage called &#039;&#039;/doc&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Random pages are enabled, in the default software configuration, only for the mainspace.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Searching and reporting can operate over the entire database, or they can be limited to a namespace, and so they will offer a list of all the namespaces currently configured. [[Special:WhatLinksHere]] also offers a list of namespaces.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Programming ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{anchor|Enumeration}}&lt;br /&gt;
The 30 namespaces in the English Wikipedia are numbered for programming purposes. The prefix for each namespace is generated using the [[Help:Magic words#Paths|magic word]] &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;, in the form &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:xx}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;, as shown in the table below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Namespace variable&lt;br /&gt;
!Result (namespace name)&lt;br /&gt;
!Namespace variable&lt;br /&gt;
!Result (talk namespace name)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:-2}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:-2}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:-1}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:-1}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:0}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:0}} (main namespace, returns empty string)&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:1}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:1}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:2}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:2}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:3}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:4}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:4}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:5}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:5}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:6}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:6}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:7}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:7}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:8}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:8}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:9}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:9}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:10}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:10}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:11}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:11}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:12}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:12}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:13}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:13}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:14}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:14}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:15}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:15}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:100}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:100}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:101}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:101}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:118}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:118}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:119}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:119}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:126}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:126}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:127}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:127}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:710}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:710}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:711}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:711}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:828}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:828}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:829}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:829}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:1728}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:1728}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:1729}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|{{ns:1729}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alternative variables are available for most namespaces, for example &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:talk}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:user}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;, and &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:user_talk}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt; for &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:1}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:2}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{ns:3}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;. The portal namespace is numbered in the 100-plus range, as are all MediaWiki nonstandard namespaces. It is also possible to use {{tl|Namespace name}} for this, i.e. &amp;quot;&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{Namespace name|711}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&amp;quot; produces &amp;quot;{{Namespace name|711}}&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All namespaces with a positive number or zero in this list are searchable. Specifically, the {{ns:-2}} and {{ns:-1}} namespaces are not searchable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Help:Magic words|magic word]] &amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=wikitext inline&amp;gt;{{NAMESPACE}}&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt; returns the namespace prefix of the current page. This can be used in combination with other magic words and [[meta:Help:ParserFunctions|parser functions]] to change the appearance of [[WP:Template|templates]] depending on the namespace in which they are transcluded.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meta-templates have been created to simplify this process. These include the simple template {{tl|main other}}, and the more complex and versatile {{tl|namespace detect}}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For information on changing the appearance of a page or template by namespace based on CSS, see &#039;&#039;&#039;CSS&#039;&#039;&#039; section of [[mw:Help:Namespaces#Identifying namespaces|Identifying namespaces]] on the MediaWiki help page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Help desk}}&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Page name]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Controlling search engine indexing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[mw:Help:Namespaces|MediaWiki help page on namespaces]], for general MediaWiki technical information&lt;br /&gt;
* [[mw:Extension default namespaces]], for namespaces added by extensions&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Special:NamespaceInfo]] - automated listing of information for configured namespaces&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Wikipedia technical help|collapsed}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Wikipedia features]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Wikipedia namespace administration| ]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Template:Pagetype/doc&amp;diff=1131</id>
		<title>Template:Pagetype/doc</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Template:Pagetype/doc&amp;diff=1131"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Documentation subpage}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{high use}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{cascade-protected template}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{lua|Module:Pagetype}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This template is used to detect the page type of a given page. It detects [[WP:REDIRECT|redirect pages]] automatically and is highly customisable. It can be used on its own or as a meta-template to create other page-type-detection templates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Syntax ==&lt;br /&gt;
; Basic code&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{pagetype}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Full code&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{pagetype&lt;br /&gt;
| page              = &lt;br /&gt;
| defaultns         = &lt;br /&gt;
| main              = &lt;br /&gt;
| user              = &lt;br /&gt;
| wikipedia         = &lt;br /&gt;
| project           = &lt;br /&gt;
| wp                = &lt;br /&gt;
| file              = &lt;br /&gt;
| image             = &lt;br /&gt;
| mediawiki         = &lt;br /&gt;
| template          = &lt;br /&gt;
| help              = &lt;br /&gt;
| category          = &lt;br /&gt;
| portal            = &lt;br /&gt;
| timedtext         = &lt;br /&gt;
| module            = &lt;br /&gt;
| special           = &lt;br /&gt;
| media             = &lt;br /&gt;
| talk              = &lt;br /&gt;
| redirect          = &lt;br /&gt;
| dab               = &lt;br /&gt;
| na                = &lt;br /&gt;
| other             = &lt;br /&gt;
| plural            = &lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Basic usage ==&lt;br /&gt;
For simple detection of the page type of the current page, use the default settings:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That will produce the following results, depending on the page type or the [[WP:NAMESPACE|namespace]]:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Page type / namespace !! Output&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Redirects (in any namespace) || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;redirect&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Main namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;article&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| File namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;file&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Template namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;template&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Category namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;category&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Module namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;module&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Other namespaces || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the template is used on a talk page, it will detect the page type for the corresponding subject page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Example&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Page parameter ===&lt;br /&gt;
You can use the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; parameter to make the template act as though it was called from that page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|page=&#039;&#039;page name&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=UK}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=UK}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=File:Example.svg}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=File:Example.svg}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Adding and removing namespaces ==&lt;br /&gt;
It is possible to specify different behaviour for each namespace than that described in the [[#Basic usage|basic usage]] section. For example, you might want the template to display &amp;quot;user page&amp;quot; for pages in the user namespace, instead of the default &amp;quot;page&amp;quot;. To do this, you can use the code {{para|user|yes}}. This looks up the typical name used for pages in the user namespace, in this case &amp;quot;user page&amp;quot;, and uses that text when the template is used with a page in the user namespace. To use this with other namespaces, use the namespace name in lower case as a parameter:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype&lt;br /&gt;
 | user              = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | wikipedia         = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | project           = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | wp                = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | mediawiki         = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | help              = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | portal            = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | timedtext         = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | special           = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | media             = &#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can use any of the following to specify the namespace: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;yes&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;y&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot;. They can be used in any combination of upper and lower case. (These values are defined by [[Module:Yesno]].)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The default text for these namespaces is as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Page type / namespace !! Output&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| User namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;user page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Wikipedia namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;project page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| MediaWiki namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;interface page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Help namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;help page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Portal namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;portal&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Timed Text namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;Timed Text page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Special namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;special page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Media namespace || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;file&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can use a similar process to remove any of the default namespace values as well. For example, if you use the code {{para|template|no}}, then the template will display &amp;quot;page&amp;quot; when used on a template page, rather than the default &amp;quot;template&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype&lt;br /&gt;
 | main     = &#039;&#039;no&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | file     = &#039;&#039;no&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | template = &#039;&#039;no&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | category = &#039;&#039;no&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | module   = &#039;&#039;no&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following values will all work to remove namespace values: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;no&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;n&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot;. They can be used in any combination of upper and lower case.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|wikipedia=yes}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|wikipedia=yes}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom|talk=y}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom|talk=y}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|main=no}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|main=no}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|timedtext=Yes}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|timedtext=Yes}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Default namespace sets ==&lt;br /&gt;
As well as adding and removing individual namespaces, it is possible to specify different sets of namespaces by using the {{para|defaultns}}. There are four different sets available: &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;all&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;extended&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; and the default set. These sets allow you to specify many namespaces at once, without having to use all of the individual namespace parameters. Namespaces are set according to the following table:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; | Namespace&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; | Value of {{para|defaultns}}&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; | Output&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 75px; text-align: center;&amp;quot; | &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 75px; text-align: center;&amp;quot; | &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;extended&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 75px; text-align: center;&amp;quot; | &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;all&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 75px; text-align: center;&amp;quot; | Other values&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Main&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| article&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| User&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| user page&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| project page&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| File&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| file&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| MediaWiki&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| interface page&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Template&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| template&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Help&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| help page&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Category&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| category&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Portal&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| portal&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| TimedText&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| Timed Text page&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Module&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| module&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| All talk namespaces&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| talk page&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Special&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| special page&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Media&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{tick}}&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;text-align: center;&amp;quot; | {{cross}}&lt;br /&gt;
| file&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|defaultns=none}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|defaultns=none}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom|defaultns=all}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom|defaultns=all}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=File:Example.svg}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=File:Example.svg}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=File:Example.svg|defaultns=none}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=File:Example.svg|defaultns=none}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|defaultns=extended}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|defaultns=extended}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|defaultns=extended}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|defaultns=extended}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|defaultns=all}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|defaultns=all}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Custom namespace values ==&lt;br /&gt;
It is possible to specify a custom value for any namespace:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype&lt;br /&gt;
 | main              = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | user              = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | wikipedia         = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | project           = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | wp                = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | file              = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | image             = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | mediawiki         = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | template          = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | help              = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | category          = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | portal            = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | timedtext         = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | module            = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | special           = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 | media             = &#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
 }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|wikipedia=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|wikipedia=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom|talk=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Talk:United Kingdom|talk=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|main=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|main=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|timedtext=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=TimedText:MS_Sam.ogg.en.srt|timedtext=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Talk parameter ==&lt;br /&gt;
Normally, the template will treat talk pages as if they were in the corresponding subject namespace. However, if the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;talk&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; parameter is set, the template will treat talk pages separately from subject pages. The &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;talk&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; parameter sets values for all talk pages, i.e. pages in the Talk: namespace, pages in the User talk: namespace, pages in the Wikipedia talk: namespace, and so on.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|talk=&#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|talk=&#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The default value for &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;talk=&#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;talk page&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|wikipedia=yes}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|wikipedia=yes}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|talk=yes}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|talk=yes}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|wikipedia=yes|talk=yes}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|wikipedia=yes|talk=yes}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|talk=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|talk=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|wikipedia=yes|talk=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia talk:Namespace|wikipedia=yes|talk=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Main namespace classes ==&lt;br /&gt;
For pages in the main namespace, it is possible to add a class value in the first positional parameter:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|&#039;&#039;class&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the class value matches one of the values in the table below, it will produce an alternative to the default output of &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;article&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Class !! Class values !! Output&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| No applicable class || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;na&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;n/a&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can input the class value in any combination of upper and lower case.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Custom main namespace classes ===&lt;br /&gt;
It is also possible to specify a custom value for the main namespace classes:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|&#039;&#039;class&#039;&#039;|na=&#039;&#039;yes&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|&#039;&#039;class&#039;&#039;|na=&#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This works the same way that it does for the custom namespace page types. Possible parameters are:&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;na&#039;&#039;&#039;: a custom value for NA-class pages. It works in the same way as the &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;dab&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; parameter. The default value for &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;yes&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot; etc. is &amp;quot;page&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|na}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|na|na=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|na|na=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Redirects ==&lt;br /&gt;
By default, the template automatically detects redirects in all namespace. It is not possible to specify redirect behaviour by namespace, but you can turn redirect detection off, or use a custom value for redirect pages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|redirect=&#039;&#039;no&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|redirect=&#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=UK}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=UK}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=UK|redirect=no}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=UK|redirect=no}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=UK|redirect=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=UK|redirect=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
Note: redirects which are under discussion at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion]], are now also detected automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Disambiguation pages ==&lt;br /&gt;
By default, the template uses [[Module:Disambiguation]] to detect [[WP:DAB|disambiguation pages]] in the main namespace. If you want, you can turn this detection off, or use a custom value for disambiguation pages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|dab=&#039;&#039;no&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|dab=&#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Mercury}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Mercury}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Mercury|dab=no}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Mercury|dab=no}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Mercury|dab=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Mercury|dab=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Other namespaces ==&lt;br /&gt;
By default, the template produces &amp;quot;&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;page&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&amp;quot; if used from a namespace that hasn&#039;t been specified. This value can be changed with the {{para|other}} parameter:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp;#123;{pagetype|other=&#039;&#039;custom text&#039;&#039;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Examples&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|other=custom text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|other=custom text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|other=custom text|wikipedia=wikipedia-space text}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Wikipedia:Namespace|other=custom text|wikipedia=wikipedia-space text}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Plurals ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By default the module returns the name of the namespace in the singular. Adding the parameter {{para|plural|y}} returns the plural form.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|plural=y}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|plural=y}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Category:Books}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Category:Books}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=Category:Books|plural=y}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=Category:Books|plural=y}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The rules for pluralisation can be customised in [[Module:Pagetype/config]] to allow localisation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Capitalisation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By default the module returns the page type in lowercase. Adding the parameter {{para|caps|y}} returns a version with a capital letter at the start.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Code !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|caps=y}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|caps=y}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|plural=y|caps=y}}&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt; || {{pagetype|page=United Kingdom|plural=y|caps=y}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==TemplateData==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Collapse top|[[Wikipedia:TemplateData|TemplateData]] documentation used by [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] and other tools}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{TemplateData header|noheader=1}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;templatedata&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{&lt;br /&gt;
	&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;This template Identifies the type of a given page. It is highly customisable. By default it detects redirects, articles, files, templates, categories, and modules, and other types of page are displayed as \&amp;quot;page\&amp;quot;.&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
	&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Class&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Class is used to distinguish between different non-article pages in mainspace. &#039;disambig&#039;, &#039;disamb&#039;, &#039;dab&#039;, &#039;na&#039; and &#039;n/a&#039; give \&amp;quot;page\&amp;quot;. The values can be customised with the \&amp;quot;dab\&amp;quot; and \&amp;quot;na\&amp;quot; parameters.&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;required&amp;quot;: false,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;na&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			]&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;page&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Page name&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;The name of the page to detect the type of. Defaults to the current subject page, or to the current page if the \&amp;quot;talk\&amp;quot; parameter is activated.&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;wiki-page-name&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;required&amp;quot;: false,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;{{SUBST:PAGENAME}}&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;main&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Main namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;article\&amp;quot; or custom text for the main namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;user&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;User namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;user page\&amp;quot; or custom text for the User namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;wikipedia&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;aliases&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;project&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;wp&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Wikipedia namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;project page\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Wikipedia namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;file&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;aliases&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;image&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;File namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;file\&amp;quot; or custom text for the File namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;mediawiki&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;MediaWiki namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;interface page\&amp;quot; or custom text for the MediaWiki namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Template namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;template\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Template namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;help&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Help namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;help page\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Help namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;category&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Category namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;category\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Category namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;portal&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Portal namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;portal\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Portal namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;timedtext&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;TimedText namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;Timed Text page\&amp;quot; or custom text for the TimedText namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;module&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Module namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;module\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Module namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;special&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Special namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;special page\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Special namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;media&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Media namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;file\&amp;quot; or custom text for the Media namespace&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;talk&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;All talk namespaces&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;talk page\&amp;quot; or custom text for all talk namespaces. When disabled, uses the subject page of the specified page&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;redirect&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Redirect page value&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;redirect\&amp;quot; or custom text for redirects. When disabled, uses the destination&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;dab&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Disambiguation page value&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;disambiguation page\&amp;quot; or custom text for when the \&amp;quot;Class\&amp;quot; parameter has been set to \&amp;quot;disambiguation\&amp;quot;, \&amp;quot;disamb\&amp;quot;, or \&amp;quot;dab\&amp;quot;&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;na&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;N/A page value&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;When enabled, outputs \&amp;quot;page\&amp;quot; or custom text for pages in mainspace when the \&amp;quot;Class\&amp;quot; parameter has been set to \&amp;quot;disambiguation\&amp;quot;, \&amp;quot;disamb\&amp;quot;, or \&amp;quot;dab\&amp;quot;&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;example&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;custom&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;no&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;other&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;string&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Other namespaces&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Outputs \&amp;quot;page\&amp;quot; or custom text for namespaces that have not been specified&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;page&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;defaultns&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;line&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Set of default namespaces&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;This parameter is used to specify the set of namespaces used by default. By default the template detects page types in the main, File, Template, Category, and Module namespaces. If this parameter is set to \&amp;quot;none\&amp;quot;, the template doesn&#039;t detect page types in any namespaces. If it is set to \&amp;quot;extended\&amp;quot;, the template detects page types in the main, User, Wikipedia, File, MediaWiki, Template, Help, Category, Portal, and Module namespaces. If it is set to \&amp;quot;all\&amp;quot;, the template detects page types in all namespaces, including talk pages. The namespaces set by this parameter can be overridden by the parameters for individual namespaces.&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;suggestedvalues&amp;quot;: [&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;all&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;extended&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;none&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
				&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
			],&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;plural&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;boolean&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Pluralise output?&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Outputs a plural form (e.g. \&amp;quot;articles\&amp;quot; instead of \&amp;quot;article\&amp;quot;).&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;n&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		},&lt;br /&gt;
		&amp;quot;caps&amp;quot;: {&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;boolean&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;label&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Capitalise output?&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Outputs a capital letter (e.g. \&amp;quot;Article\&amp;quot; instead of \&amp;quot;article\&amp;quot;).&amp;quot;,&lt;br /&gt;
			&amp;quot;default&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;n&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
		}&lt;br /&gt;
	}&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/templatedata&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{Collapse bottom}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;includeonly&amp;gt;{{Sandbox other||&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Namespace manipulation templates]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
}}&amp;lt;/includeonly&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Template:High_use&amp;diff=1129</id>
		<title>Template:High use</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ryukyu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Template:High_use&amp;diff=1129"/>
		<updated>2026-01-18T08:21:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Roxanne: 1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#Redirect [[Template:High-use]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Redirect category shell|{{R from modification}}{{R from template shortcut}}}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Roxanne</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>